2825 80 00 — Hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts; other inorganic bases; other metal oxides, hydroxides and peroxides: antimony oxides

2825 Hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts; other inorganic bases; other metal oxides, hydroxides and peroxides: 2825 10 – hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts 2825 20 – lithium oxide and hydroxide 2825 30 – vanadium oxides and hydroxides 2825 40 – nickel oxides and hydroxides 2825 50 – copper oxides and hydroxides 2825 60 – germanium oxides and zirconium dioxide 2825 70 – molybdenum oxides and hydroxides 2825 80 – antimony oxides 2825 90 – other

This heading covers: (A) Hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts. (B) Oxides, hydroxides and pen xides of metals of this Chapter, not included in the preceding headings. The most important products are (1) Hydrazine and its inorganic salts. Hydrazine (NH2·NH2), the main product obtained by oxidation of ammonia with sodium hypochlorite. It also exists as a hydrate (NH 2·NH2·H2O). A colorless tear liquid that smokes in the air. Strong reducing agent, used in the manufacture of initiating explosives and in chemical synthesis. Inorganic hydrazine salts prepared by reaction with inorganic acids are also classified in this heading. The most important is hydrazine sulfate, which is a colorless crystal that is not soluble in cold water and rapidly decomposes when heated; this sulfate is used as a reaction in analytical chemistry and metallurgy (to separate polonium and tellurium). Organic derivatives of hydrazine are excluded (heading 2928). (2) Hydroxylamine and its inorganic salts. Hydroxylamine (NH2OH) is the staple produced by nitromethane drolysis; these are colorless floating crystals, well soluble in water, melting at 33 °C and rapidly decomposing at 130 °C. Inorganic salts of hydroxylamine prepared by reaction with inorganic acids are also classified in this heading. The most important

are chloride, sulfates and hydroxylamine nitrate. White or colorless crystals soluble in water. Used as reducing agents in organic synthesis and as antioxidants for fatty acids, for bleaching, dyed or printing textile materials in the textile industry and as reagents, etc. Organic derivatives of hydroxylamine are excluded (heading 2928). (3) Lithium oxide and hydroxide . oxide (Li 2O) and hydroxide (LiON) are obtained from lithium nitrate. These are white powders, soluble in water, used in photography and to produce lithium salts. (4) Vanadium oxides and hydroxides. The most important vanadium oxide is the sofaadium pentaoxide (vanadium anhydride) (V 2O5), derived from natural vanadates, vanadium nita (heading 2615) and carnotite (heading 2612). It can be amorphous or crystalline, in the form of pieces or powder. Its color changes from yellow to reddish-brown; when heated, it turns red, almost does not dissolve in water. It is used to produce vanadium salts, some typographic inks and as a catalyst (in the production of sulfuric acid, phthalic anhydride or synthetic ethanol). There are several acid-forming hydroxides from which various vanadates of heading 2841 are obtained. (5) Nickel oxides and hydroxides: (a) divalent nickel oxide (NiO) is prepared by careful calcination of nitrate or carbonate. Greenish - gray powder, the density and shade of which depend on the method of production. It is used in the manufacture of enamels, in the glass industry as a coloring substance and in organic synthesis as a catalyst. It is a basic oxide; (b) trivalent nickel oxide (sesquioxide) (Ni 2O3). Black powder used as a coloring substance in the manufacture of enamels, lattice plates in alkaline batteries; (c) divalent nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2). A fine green powder used in galvanostegy as an integral part of plates in alkaline batteries and in the production of nickel catalysts. This heading does not cover: (a) natural nickel oxide (bunzenite) (heading 2530); (b) contaminated nickel oxides, for example, nickel oxide agglomerates, nickel oxide in granular form ("green nickel oxide") (heading 7501). (6) Copper oxides and hydroxides: (a) monovalent copper oxide (red copper oxide) (Cu2O). Received from copper acetate or sulfate. Crystalline red powder, not soluble in water. It is used for coloring glass red (signal glass), for making unfouling paints or artificial gemstones (artificial emeralds) and as a fungicide in agriculture; (b) divalent copper oxide (copper black oxide) (CuO). Received from nitrate or carbonate of copper or oxidation of metal. Black powder or grains with chestnut luster, insoluble in water. The pigment is used to produce enamel, glass (green glass) or ceramics, as well as in the production of paints. It also applies

for the depolarization of electric batteries and as an oxidant or catalyst in organic chemistry; (c) copper hydroxides. The most common is divalent copper hydroxide (Cu(OH) 2). Blue solid, which by itself or in a mixture is an integral part of the pigment (Bremen azure). It is used to obtain pigments (e.g., blue peligo, resistant to artificial light) and an ammonia solution known as Schweitzer reagent, used as a solvent in copper-ammonia processes of viscose production. Natural oxide of monovalent copper (cuprite) and natural oxide of divalent copper (tenorite) are not included in this heading (heading 2603). (7) Germanium oxides. Germanium dioxide is the most important oxide (GeO 2). It is obtained in metallurgical processes from natural germanosulphide copper (germanite) (heading 2617) or hydrolysis of chloride. White powder, insoluble in water. It is used to produce metallic germanium (for transistors, etc.), in medicine and in the production of special glasses. (8) Molybdenum oxides and hydroxides The most important oxide is molybdenum trioxide (MoO3), derived from natural sulfide (molybdenite) (heading 2613). A white crystalline substance that turns yellow when heated. It hardly dissolves in water. It is used as a catalyst in organic synthesis (production of phthalic anhydride). There are also blue oxides that are used in painting either as such or in a mixture (in the latter case they are in Chapter 32) and are known as molybdenum blue and mineral indigo. Hydroxides include molybdenic acid (H2MoO4), a white or yellowish powder insoluble in water. Used in the production of ceramics (glazuri) or as a catalyst. Commercial molybdates at 2841 are obtained from these hydroxides. Natural molybdenum oxide (molybdenum ochre, molybdite) is excluded (heading 2530). (9) Antimony oxides: (a) trioxide, or antimony anhydride (Sb2O3). Received by oxidation of metal or from natural sulfide (stibnite). White powder or needle crystals; practically insoluble in water. The term “white antimony” is used both for the pure oxide of this heading and for the mixture of this oxide with zinc oxide, which is included in Chapter 32. Antimony trioxide is used for the production of paints, as a muffler in the manufacture of enamels (enamed iron), in the production of faience (glazuries), in the production of glass with a low coefficient of expansion (lamp glass) and for the production of artificial precious or semi-precious stones (artificial rubies, topazes, pomegranates). Is the raw material for preparing antimonites of heading 2841; (b) pentaoxide, or antimony anhydride (Sb2O5). It is obtained by oxidation of metal or calcination of nitrate. Yellow powder ok, used in the same way as a muffler in the production of enamel. Forms antimonates of heading 2841; (c) tetraoxide (Sb2O4). White powder, obtained by heating the pentaoxide.

This heading excludes ores, i.e. natural antimony trioxides (senarmontite and valentinite) and natural antimony tetraoxide (servantite) (heading 2617). (10) Beryllium oxide and hydroxide: (a) oxide (BeO). It is obtained from nitrate or beryllium sulfate. White powder, not soluble in water; may crystallize. It is used to produce beryllium salts, artificial precious or semi-precious stones and as a catalyst; (b) hydroxide (Be(OH)2). White powder, resembling aluminum oxide. (11) Oxide, hydroxide and calcium peroxide. This heading covers only oxide (CAO) and hydroxide (CA(OH) 2) calcium in its pure form (i.e., containing practically no clay, iron oxides, manganese and others), such as the product obtained by calcination of precipitated calcium carbonate. This heading also includes fused lime obtained by melting ordinary quicklime in an electric oven. This product has a high degree of purity (about 98% calcium oxide); is usually colorless crystals; is used, in particular, as a fire-resistant lining for furnaces, for the manufacture of crucibles and is added to concrete in the form of small pieces to improve its wear resistance. Calcium peroxide (CaO2) is a white or yellowish hydrated (usually containing 8 water molecules) powder, moderately soluble in water. It is used as a bactericide and as a detergent, in medicine and in the cosmetic industry. Short-lime (calcium oxide) and quenched lime (calcium hydroxide) are excluded (heading 2522). (12) Manganese hydroxides: (a) bivalent manganese hydroxide (Mn(OH)2). A whitish powder insoluble in water; (b) trivalent manganese hydroxide (Mn(OH)3). It is obtained from trivalent manganese oxide (Mn 2O3). Brown powder used to produce paints (manganese brown) and manganese linoleate; (c) salt-like manganese hydroxide. It is derived from salt-like oxide (Mn3O4). This heading does not include hydrated manganese oxide (natural trivalent manganese hydroxide) (manganite) which represents ore included in heading 2602 and unhydrated manganese oxides (heading 2820). (13) Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) is not to be confused with zircon (heading 2615 or 7103), which is a crystalline natural zirconium silicate. Artificial oxide is obtained from the aforementioned ore or from zirconium salts. This is a refractory whitish powder, melting at a temperature of about 2600 ° C. Zirconium dioxide is used as a refractory substance resistant to chemical agents, as a pigment and as a muffler (zirconium white) in the production of ceramics, as an abrasive, as an integral part of glasses and as a catalyst. Natural zirconium oxide or baddeleite is ore of heading 2615. (14) Oxide and cadmium hydroxide:

(a) oxide (CdO). A powder, more or less brownish-yellow depending on the calcination temperature during its preparation from the carbonate or hydroxide. Used in ceramics and as a catalyst; (b) hydroxide (Cd(OH)2). A white powder. (15) Tin oxides and hydroxides: (a) stannous oxide (brown oxide) (SnO). Insoluble in water. Depending on the method of preparation, it may be grey or black crystals or an olive-brown powder with a bluish, reddish or greenish tinge. This oxide is amphoteric and gives rise to the stannites of heading 2841. Used in organic synthesis as a reducing agent or catalyst; (b) stannic oxide (stannic anhydride, dioxide) (SnO2) is a water-insoluble powder, white (white tin) or grey (tin ash). The white oxide is used in the ceramic or glass industry as an opacifier; the grey powder is used for polishing metals, mirrors, etc., and for the preparation of vitrifiable compositions. This oxide is sometimes known as "putty powder", but this term also covers mixtures of this oxide with lead oxide, which fall in heading 3824. Tin dioxide is amphoteric and serves for the preparation of stannates (heading 2841); (c) stannic acid, or stannic hydroxide (Sn(OH)4). Obtained by the action of alkali hydroxides on a stannic salt. A white powder, which converts into metastannic acid; (d) metastannic acid. Obtained from stannic acid; it is a water-insoluble powder. Used as an opacifier in ceramics and as an abrasive in the glass industry. These stannic acids give rise to the stannates of heading 2841. This heading excludes: (a) natural tin oxide (cassiterite), an ore (heading 2609); (b) tin dross – a mixture of tin metal and tin oxide formed during the melting of the metal (heading 2620). (16) Tungsten oxides and hydroxides. The most important oxide is tungsten trioxide (tungstic anhydride, hexavalent tungsten oxide) (WO3), obtained in metallurgical processes in the treatment of natural tungstates (wolframite or scheelite) (heading 2611). A lemon-yellow crystalline product which turns orange on heating; insoluble in water. It is used for the preparation of tungsten for incandescent filaments and in ceramic colours. There are several hydroxides, including tungstic acid (H2WO4) (yellow hydrate), from which the normal tungstates of heading 2841 are obtained. Natural tungsten oxide (tungstic ochre, tungstite) is excluded from this heading (heading 2530). (17) Bismuth oxides and hydroxides:

(a) Divismut trioxide (Bi2O3). It is obtained from nitrate or bismuth carbonate. Light yellow powder, insoluble in water, when heated acquires a red color. Used in the glass and ceramic industries; (b) divismut pentaoxide (red oxide) (Bi2O5). Brownish-red powder; (c) bismuth hydroxide (Bi(OH)3). Natural bismuth ochre consisting mainly of trioxides is excluded (heading 2617). This heading excludes mercury oxides (heading 2852).

Sub-Chapter V SALTS AND PEROXYSALTS, OF INORGANIC ACIDS AND METALS GENERAL Metal salts are obtained by replacing the hydrogen of an acid by a metal or by the ammonium ion (NH4+). In the liquid state or in solution, salts are electrolytes, yielding a metal or a metal ion at the cathode. In neutral salts all the hydrogen atoms are replaced by a metal, whereas acid salts still contain hydrogen replaceable by a metal; basic salts contain a basic oxide in excess of the quantity required to neutralise the acid (e.g., basic cadmium sulphate (CdSO4·CdO)). Sub-Chapter V covers the metal salts of the acids of Sub-Chapter II (acids of non-metals) or of Sub-Chapter IV (metal hydroxides with acid functions). Double or complex salts. Certain double or complex salts fall in headings 2826 – 2841, e.g., fluorosilicates, fluoroborates and other complex fluorine salts (heading 2826), alums (heading 2833), complex cyanides (heading 2837). For double or complex salts not falling in the above headings, see the Explanatory Note to heading 2842. This sub-Chapter excludes, inter alia: (a) salts of Chapter 25 (e.g., sodium chloride); (b) salts forming part of ores or of other products of Chapter 26; (c) compounds of precious metals (heading 28 43), of radioactive elements (heading 2844), of rare-earth metals, of yttrium or of scandium or of mixtures of these metals (heading 28 46), or of mercury (heading 2852); (d) phosphides, carbides, hydrides, nitrides, azides, silicides and borides (headings 28 49, 2850 and 2853) and ferrophosphorus (Section XV); (e) salts of Chapter 31; (f) pigments, colours, opacifiers, enamels and other preparations of Chapter 32. This sub-Chapter covers unmixed metal salts (other than luminophores) suitable for use directly as pigments. When mixed with each other or with other products to make pigments, such salts fall in Chapter 32. Luminophores, whether pure or mixed, fall in heading 3206; (g) disinfectants, insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, etc., of heading 3808; (h) fluxes and other auxiliary preparations for soldering, etc. (heading 3810);

(ij) cultured crystals (other than optical elements) weighing not less than 2.5 g each, of halides of alkali or alkaline-earth metals (heading 38 24); when in the form of optical elements, they fall in heading 9001; (k) precious or semi-precious stones, natural or synthetic (headings 7102 – 7105).

Notes

English text as published in Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2021/1832 (Combined Nomenclature). The EAEU tariff and the EU nomenclature copy these notes from the same convention. For a Russian declaration the binding version is the Russian one: Annex to Decision No 80 of the EEC Council of 14 September 2021.

1. Except where the context otherwise requires, the headings of this chapter apply only to:

(a) separate chemical elements and separate chemically defined compounds, whether or not containing impurities;

(b) the products mentioned in (a) above dissolved in water;

(c) the products mentioned in (a) above dissolved in other solvents provided that the solution constitutes a normal and necessary method of putting up these products adopted solely for reasons of safety or for transport and that the solvent does not render the product particularly suitable for specific use rather than for general use;

(d) the products mentioned in (a), (b) or (c) above with an added stabiliser (including an anti-caking agent) necessary for their preservation or transport;

(e) the products mentioned in (a), (b), (c) or (d) above with an added anti-dusting agent or a colouring substance added to facilitate their identification or for safety reasons, provided that the additions do not render the product particularly suitable for specific use rather than for general use.

2. In addition to dithionites and sulphoxylates, stabilised with organic substances (heading 2831), carbonates and peroxocarbonates of inorganic bases (heading 2836), cyanides, cyanide oxides and complex cyanides of inorganic bases (heading 2837), fulminates, cyanates and thiocyanates, of inorganic bases (heading 2842), organic products included in headings 2843 to 2846 and 2852 and carbides (heading 2849), only the following compounds of carbon are to be classified in this chapter:

(a) oxides of carbon, hydrogen cyanide and fulminic, isocyanic, thiocyanic and other simple or complex cyanogen acids (heading 2811);

(b) halide oxides of carbon (heading 2812);

(c) carbon disulphide (heading 2813);

(d) thiocarbonates, selenocarbonates, tellurocarbonates, selenocyanates, tellurocyanates, tetrathiocyanatodiamminochromates (reineckates) and other complex cyanates, of inorganic bases (heading 2842);

(e) hydrogen peroxide, solidified with urea (heading 2847), carbon oxysulphide, thiocarbonyl halides, cyanogen, cyanogen halides and cyanamide and its metal derivatives (heading 2853) other than calcium cyanamide, whether or not pure (Chapter 31).

3. Subject to the provisions of note 1 to Section VI, this chapter does not cover:

(a) sodium chloride or magnesium oxide, whether or not pure, or other products of Section V;

(b) organo-inorganic compounds other than those mentioned in note 2 above;

(c) products mentioned in note 2, 3, 4 or 5 to Chapter 31;

(d) inorganic products of a kind used as luminophores, of heading 3206; glass frit and other glass in the form of powder, granules or flakes, of heading 3207;

(e) artificial graphite (heading 3801); products put up as charges for fire-extinguishers or put up in fire-extinguishing grenades, of heading 3813; ink removers put up in packings for retail sale, of heading 3824; cultured crystals (other than optical elements) weighing not less than 2,5 g each, of the halides of the alkali or alkaline-earth metals, of heading 3824;

(f) precious or semi-precious stones (natural, synthetic or reconstructed) or dust or powder of such stones (headings 7102 to 7105), or precious metals or precious-metal alloys of Chapter 71;

(g) the metals, whether or not pure, metal alloys or cermets, including sintered metal carbides (metal carbides sintered with a metal), of Section XV; or

(h) optical elements, for example, of the halides of the alkali or alkaline-earth metals (heading 9001).

4. Chemically defined complex acids consisting of a non-metal acid of sub-chapter II and a metal acid of sub-chapter IV are to be classified in heading 2811.

5. Headings 2826 to 2842 apply only to metal or ammonium salts or peroxysalts. Except where the context otherwise requires, double or complex salts are to be classified in heading 2842.

6. Heading 2844 applies only to:

(a) technetium (atomic No 43), promethium (atomic No 61), polonium (atomic No 84) and all elements with an atomic number greater than 84;

(b) natural or artificial radioactive isotopes (including those of the precious metals or of the base metals of Sections XIV and XV), whether or not mixed together;

(c) compounds, inorganic or organic, of these elements or isotopes, whether or not chemically defined, whether or not mixed together;

(d) alloys, dispersions (including cermets), ceramic products and mixtures containing these elements or isotopes or inorganic or organic compounds thereof and having a specific radioactivity exceeding 74 Bq/g (0,002 μCi/g);

(e) spent (irradiated) fuel elements (cartridges) of nuclear reactors;

(f) radioactive residues whether or not usable. The term ‘isotopes’, for the purposes of this note and of the wording of headings 2844 and 2845, refers to: — individual nuclides, excluding, however, those existing in nature in the monoisotopic state, — mixtures of isotopes of one and the same element, enriched in one or several of the said isotopes, that is, elements of which the natural isotopic composition has been artificially modified.

7. Heading 2853 includes copper phosphide (phosphor copper) containing more than 15 % by weight of phosphorus.

8. Chemical elements (for example, silicon and selenium) doped for use in electronics are to be classified in this chapter, provided that they are in forms unworked as drawn, or in the form of cylinders or rods. When cut in the form of discs, wafers or similar forms, they fall in heading 3818.

Subheading note

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. В субпозиции 2852 10 термин «определенного химического состава» означает все органические или неорганические соединения ртути, удовлетворяющие требованиям примечаний 1 (а) – 1 (д) к группе 28 и примечаний 1 (а) – 1 (з) к группе 29.

Additional note

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. Unless otherwise specified, the salts referred to in the subheadings include acid salts and basic salts.