8483 10 95 — Main shafts or driving shafts, counter shafts, cam shafts, eccentric shafts and other transmission shafts (excl. cranks, crank shafts and articulated shafts)

8483 Transmission shafts (including cam shafts and crank shafts) and cranks; bearing housings and plain shaft bearings; gears and gearing; ball or roller screws; gear boxes and other speed changers, including torque converters; flywheels and pulleys, including pulley blocks; clutches and shaft couplings (including universal joints): 8483 10 – Transmission shafts (including cam shafts and crank shafts) and cranks 8483 20 – Bearing housings, incorporating ball or roller bearings 8483 30 – Bearing housings, not incorporating ball or roller bearings; plain shaft bearings 8483 40 – Gearing, other than toothed wheels, chain sprockets and other transmission elements presented separately; ball or roller screws; gear boxes and other speed changers, including torque converters 8483 50 – Flywheels and pulleys, including pulley blocks 8483 60 – Clutches and shaft couplings (including universal joints) 8483 90 – Toothed wheels, chain sprockets and other transmission elements presented separately; parts

The goods falling in this heading are principally (i) certain mechanical parts which are used to transmit power from external power units to one or more machines; (ii) certain internal parts of a machine used to transmit power to different parts of the same machine. (A) TRANSMISSION shafts (Including cams and ringed) Normally they serve to transfer power by rotational motion. These include: (1) Main drive shafts or drive shafts driven directly by the engine.

(2) Countershafts, connected to the main shaft by belt or gear drives, etc.; they are used to transmit rotation from the main shaft to a number of machines or to different parts of the same machine. (3) Articulated shafts, consisting of two or more shafts connected by a ball-and-socket or universal joint, etc. (4) Flexible shafts, which transmit motion from a driving element, e.g., to hand tools, measuring instruments (revolution counters, speedometers, etc.). (5) Cranks and crankshafts. These may be either of one piece or built up of several parts. They convert reciprocating motion (e.g., from the pistons of an engine) into rotary motion or vice versa. (6) Cam shafts and eccentric shafts. The heading excludes simple axles which do not transmit power but merely carry a wheel or other rotating part. The heading also excludes: (a) bars of iron or steel of constant cross-section (heading 7214 or 7215); (b) simple lengths of twisted wire for making flexible drives, not fitted with connecting devices (heading 7312); (c) oscillating connecting rods for transmitting motion to the cutting part of lawn mowers (heading 8433). (B) BEARING HOUSINGS AND PLAIN SHAFT BEARINGS Bearing housings are frames or supports designed to house plain, ball, roller, etc., bearings, in which the ends of the rotating shaft or axle run (or, in the case of a thrust bearing, against which they abut). They usually consist of two parts which, when joined together, form a ring holding the bearing. They may incorporate means for lubricating the bearing. They also often incorporate a pedestal, plate or bracket by which they can be fixed to a machine or to a wall or other part of a building; but such pedestals, plates, brackets, etc., not incorporating a bearing housing (and not themselves designed to contain a bearing) are classified according to their constituent material (usually heading 7325 or 7326). Bearing housings incorporating a ball, roller or needle roller bearing fall in this heading; but ball, roller or needle roller bearings presented separately fall in heading 8482. However, plain shaft bearings are covered by this heading even if presented without housings. They consist of rings of anti-friction metal or other material (e.g., cermets or plastics). They may be of one piece or split into several parts joined together, and form a smooth bearing in which the shaft or axle rotates. The heading excludes bearings of graphite or other carbon materials (heading 6815). (C) GEARS AND GEARING, INCLUDING FRICTION GEARS AND CHAIN SPROCKETS The basic elements of gearing are the toothed wheel, cylinder, cone, rack or worm, etc. In assembled gearing the teeth of one element engage

engagement with the teeth of the other, so that the rotational movement of the first is transmitted to the next, etc. Depending on the ratio of the teeth of the individual gears, the rotational motion can be transmitted with the same rotational frequency and with a greater or lesser rotational frequency; depending on the type of wheel and the angle at which it engages with another element, the direction of transmission can be changed or the rotational movement can be converted to linear or vice versa (for example, with a gear wheel and a gear rail). This category includes all types of gears, including simple gearwheels, conical wheels, skirt-toothed wheels, wormwheels, gearwheel and gear rail transmission, differential gears, etc. and sets thereof. It also includes geared and similar wheels for use in chain gears. This category also includes friction gears. These are wheels, disks or cylinders that, when one is mounted on the drive shaft and one driven shaft, transmit movement by friction between them. They are usually made of cast iron, in some cases have coatings of leather, wood, fibrous materials connected by a binder, or other materials that increase friction. (D) Ball or roller screw transmissions Ball or roller screw transmissions consist of a shaft with a thread and a nut, between the turns of the internal thread of which there are balls or rollers; these devices ensure the conversion of rotational motion into translational and vice versa. (e) Transmission gearboxes and other speed variables, including hydrotransformers These devices provide a set of rotational frequencies that can be changed manually or automatically depending on the needs of the machine. These include, inter alia: (1) Transmissions consisting of sets of gears, which can be selected according to different schemes; the speed transmitted by the gearbox can thus be changed according to the arrangement of the wheels. (2) Frictional disk e or frictional cone variators and frictional transmissions with chains or drive belts in which a disc, cone, chain or belt is in contact with a frictional wheel whose position relative to the center of the disc or the base of the cone can be changed automatically (or as necessary), and thus the frequency of the transmitted rotation is regulated. (3) Variable-speed hydraulic couplings, including hydraulic transformers . Changes occur due to the rotation of the blades of the lead element in a liquid (usually in oil) falling on the fixed or movable blades of the driven element. Power is transmitted either by pressure (hydrostatic transducers) or by fluid flow (hydrodynamic transducers or hydrotransformers). This heading does not cover gearboxes or other speed-change devices combined with the engine; they fall under the same heading as the engine. These are fairly large heavy wheels, usually designed so that the masa is concentrated near the rim. The inertia of such a wheel during its rotation resists any change in the speed of the engine and thus maintains the speed of rotation at a constant level. Flywheels may in some cases have a rim provided with a stream or teeth, or are equipped with connecting rods, so that in certain cases they can serve for the transmission of energy (for example, as a leading pulley or

gear wheel). (G) SKIVES, INCLUDING BLOCKS SKIVES SKIVES, are wheels, sometimes with a grooved rim, which transmit rotational motion from one to another by means of an infinite moving belt or rope in contact with them. This heading includes simple pulleys, drums (wide pulleys), conical pulleys, step pulleys, etc. This category also includes pulley blocks for lifting mechanisms, etc., freely rotating pulleys, which in themselves do not transmit power, but serve only as a guide or rotary device for the transmission cable or rope (for example, blank pulleys and tension pulleys used to adjust the tension of the drive belts). However, this heading does not include assembly units of two or more pulley blocks (e.g., talismans) (heading 8425). (H) Muffets are used to connect or disconnect the lead link. These include: friction couplings, in which rotating discs, rings, cones, etc. with friction surfaces can be connected or disconnected; ku latch couplings, in which the elements located one against the other have protrusions and corresponding slots; automatic centrifugal couplings, which are turned on or off depending on the speed of rotation; pneumatic couplings; hydraulic couplings, etc. However, electromagnetic couplings do not fall under this heading (heading 8505). (IJ) shaft interconnection devices (including universal joints) This includes sleeve clutches, flange clutches, elastic clutches, hydraulic clutches, etc., as well as universal clutches (for example, cardan joints and Oldham clutches). Subject to the general provisions relating to the classification of parts (see the general provisions of Section XVI), this heading also includes parts of the articles falling within the heading. This heading also does not cover: (a) forged workpieces of heading 7207; (b) transmission equipment of the above-described types (transmission boxes, transmission shafts, couplings, differentials, etc.) intended for use exclusively or mainly in vehicles or aircraft (section XVII); it should be borne in mind, however, that this exception does not apply to the interior parts of motor and aeronautical engines of ley – these parts fall within this heading. Thus, a crankshaft or camshaft falls within this heading, even if it is specially designed for an automobile engine; car transmission shafts, gearboxes and differentials are classified in heading 8708. It is further to be understood that transmission equipment of the type described in this heading is included in this heading, even if specifically designed for ships; (c) parts of watches of all kinds (heading 9114).

Notes

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. This group does not include:

(a) millstones, grinding stones or other articles of Chapter 68;

(b) equipment or devices (e.g. pumps) of ceramic materials and ceramic parts of machinery or devices of any material (Chapter 69);

(c) laboratory glassware (heading 7017); equipment, devices or other articles for technical purposes or parts thereof of glass (heading 7019 or 7020);

(d) articles of heading 7321 or 7322 or similar articles of other base metals (Chapters 74 to 76 or 78 to 81);

(e) vacuum cleaners of heading 8508;

(f) electromechanical household appliances of heading 8509; digital cameras of heading 8525;

(g) radiators for articles of Section XVII; or

(h) manual mechanical brushes for floor cleaning, without engine (heading 9603).

2. Subject to the provisions of Note 3 to Section XVI and Note 11 to this Chapter, a machine or device which meets the description in one or more of headings 8401 to 8424 or heading 8486 and at the same time the description in one or more headings 8425 to 8480 is included in the relevant heading of the first series of headings or in heading 8486 as the case may be, and not in the second series.

(A) However, heading 8419 does not cover:

(i) seed germination equipment, incubators or brooders (heading 8436);

(ii) machinery for wetting grains (heading 8437);

(iii) diffusion apparatus for the extraction of sugary juice (heading 8438);

(iv) equipment for the heat treatment of textile yarn, textile materials or finished textile articles (heading 8451); or

machining equipment, assemblies or laboratory equipment in which temperature change, even if necessary, is an auxiliary process.

(B) Heading 8422 does not cover:

(i) sewing machines for sewing bags or similar packagings (heading 8452); or

(ii) office equipment of heading 8472.

(C) Heading 8424 does not cover:

(i) paint-blasting printing presses (heading 8443); or

(ii) water jet cutting machines (heading 8456).

3. A machine for processing any material which corresponds to the description of heading 8456 and simultaneously to the description of heading 8457 to 8461, 8464 or 8465 is classified in heading 8456.

4. Heading 8457 covers only metalworking machines other than lathes (including multipurpose lathes) which may perform different types of machining operations by:

(a) the automatic replacement of tools from a tool store or similar device in accordance with the processing program(s);

(b) the automatic application simultaneously or sequentially of different processing heads operating at a fixed workpiece (assembly single-position machines); or

(c) automatic movement of the workpiece to various processing heads (multi-position machines).

5. For the purposes of heading 8462, the term “longitudinal cutting line” for flat products means a process line consisting of a winder, a correct device, a longitudinal cutting device and a winder. The term “cross-cutting line” for flat products means a process line consisting of a unwinder, a correct device and a cutting device.

6. (A) For the purposes of heading 8471, the term “computers” means machines capable of:

(i) store the processing program or programs and at least the information currently necessary to execute the program;

(ii) be freely reprogrammable according to user requirements;

(iii) perform user-defined arithmetic calculations; and

(iv) perform, without human intervention, a processing program requiring the computer to modify its actions by making logical decisions during processing.

(B) Computing machines can be made in the form of systems consisting of a different number of individual blocks.

(C) Subject to the provisions of Notes (D) and (E) below, a block shall be treated as part of a computing system if it satisfies all of the following conditions:

(i) exclusively or principally used in a computing system;

(ii) is capable of being connected to the central processing unit either directly or through one or more other units; and

(iii) is capable of receiving or presenting information in such form (codes or signals) as may be used by the system.

Separately presented computer units are classified in heading 8471.

However, keyboards, X-Y-coordinate input devices and disk storage units which satisfy the conditions laid down in Notes (B) (ii) and (B) (iii) above are in all cases to be regarded as blocks of heading 8471.

(D) Heading 8471 does not cover the following devices, presented separately, even if they meet all the conditions of Note 6(C) above:

(i) printers, copiers, facsimile machines, combined or not;

(ii) apparatus for receiving or transmitting voice, images or other data, including apparatus for providing communications over a wired or wireless communication network (for example, on a local or wide area network);

(iii) loudspeakers and microphones;

(iv) television cameras, digital cameras and video recording cameras;

(v) monitors and projectors not combined with television reception equipment.

(E) Machines containing or working in conjunction with a computer and performing specific functions other than information processing are classified in the headings according to their specific functions or, if this is not possible, in the residual headings.

7. Heading 8482, inter alia, covers polished steel balls whose maximum and minimum diameter does not differ from the nominal diameter by more than 1% or by more than 0.05 mm, whichever is smaller. Other steel balls are classified in heading 7326.

8. A machine which is used for more than one purpose shall be classified as if its primary purpose were the only one.

Subject to the provisions of Note 2 to this Chapter and Note 3 to Section XVI, a machine whose primary purpose is not described in any heading or a machine in which none of its functions is primary is classified in heading 8479, unless the context otherwise provides. Heading 8479 also includes machinery for the manufacture of ropes or ropes (e.g. knitting machines) from metal wire, textile yarn or other materials or from a combination of such materials.

9. For the purposes of heading 8470, the term “pocket” applies only to devices not exceeding 170 x 100 x 45 mm.

10. For the purposes of heading 8485, the term additive manufacturing (also referred to as 3D printing) means the formation of physical objects based on a digital model by successively adding and layering, sealing and curing a material (e.g., metal, plastics or ceramics).

Subject to the provisions of Note 1 to Section XVI and Note 1 to Chapter 84, machines as described in heading 8485 are classified in that heading and no other heading of the Nomenclature.

11. (A) Notes 12(a) and 12(b) to Chapter 85 also apply to the terms “semiconductor devices” and “electronic integrated circuits”, respectively, as used in this note and in heading 8486. However, in this note and in heading 8486, the term "semiconductor devices" also applies to photosensitive semiconductor devices and LEDs.

(B) In this note and in heading 8486, the term “plane display panel production” covers the fabrication of a flat panel of substrates. It does not cover the production of glass or the installation of printed circuit boards or other electronic components on flat panels. The term "flat display panel" does not apply to cathode ray tube technology.

(C) Heading 8486 also includes machinery and apparatus used exclusively or principally for:

(i) producing or eliminating defects in masks and patterns;

assemblies of semiconductor devices or electronic integrated circuits;

(iii) lifting, manipulating, loading or unloading boules, plates, semiconductor devices, electronic integrated circuits and flat display panels.

(D) Subject to the provisions of Note 1 to Section XVI and Note 1 to Chapter 84, machinery meeting the description in heading 8486 is classified in this heading and in no other heading of the Nomenclature.

Subheading notes

English text as published in Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2021/1832 (Combined Nomenclature). The EAEU tariff and the EU nomenclature copy these notes from the same convention. For a Russian declaration the binding version is the Russian one: Annex to Decision No 80 of the EEC Council of 14 September 2021.

1. For the purposes of subheading 8465 20, the term ‘machining centres’ applies only to machine-tools for working wood, cork, bone, hard rubber, hard plastics or similar hard materials, which can carry out different types of machining operations by automatic tool change from a magazine or the like in conformity with a machining programme.

2. For the purposes of subheading 8471 49, the term ‘systems’ means automatic data-processing machines whose units satisfy the conditions laid down in note 6(C) to Chapter 84 and which comprise at least a central processing unit, one input unit (for example, a keyboard or a scanner), and one output unit (for example, a visual display unit or a printer).

3. For the purposes of subheading 8481 20, the expression ‘valves for oleohydraulic or pneumatic transmissions’ means valves which are used specifically in the transmission of ‘fluid power’ in a hydraulic or pneumatic system, where the energy source is supplied in the form of pressurized fluids (liquid or gas). These valves may be of any type (for example, pressure-reducing type, check type). Subheading 8481 20 takes precedence over all other subheadings of heading 8481.

4. Subheading 8482 40 applies only to bearings with cylindrical rollers of a uniform diameter not exceeding 5 mm and having a length which is at least three times the diameter. The ends of the rollers may be rounded.

Additional notes

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. For the purposes of subheadings 8407 10 and 8409 10, the term “aviation engines” shall apply only to engines intended for assembly with an air or rotor.

2. В подсубпозицию 8471 70 300 0 также включаются устройства считывания компакт-дисков, являющиеся запоминающими устройствами вычислительных машин, которые предназначены для считывания сигналов с CD-ROM, аудиокомпакт-дисков и фотокомпакт-дисков и снабжены разъемом для наушников, регулятором громкости или кнопкой пуск/стоп.

Additional notes of the Eurasian Economic Union

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. For the purposes of subheading 8482 10 900 1, the term “gross mass” means the total mass of the goods with all kinds of packaging materials and packagings ensuring their safety during storage and transport. The total weight of the goods does not include the mass of packaging materials or containers that are clearly suitable for reuse.

2. For the purposes of subheading 8415 81 001 0, the term “special production facilities” means premises in which the maintenance of precise values of temperature and humidity is due to the operational requirements of the equipment installed therein, such as machines, computers, switching equipment, surgical equipment, etc., or to the operations performed therein.

3. In subheadings 8427 20 190 1, 8427 90 000 1 and 8436 80 100 1, the date of manufacture shall be determined on the basis of the technical documentation of the manufacturer (technical passport, instruction manual) and the manufacturer's plate, which shall be fixed in a conspicuous, easily accessible place of the machinery and shall not be replaced during operation. If the manufacturer's technical documentation and the manufacturer's plate contain conflicting information about the date of manufacture or there is no information about the manufacturer of the equipment on the date of manufacture, then this technique is considered a technique, since the release of which more than 3 years have passed.

If the manufacturer's information indicates only the year of manufacture, then the date of manufacture of the equipment is considered 1 July of the year of manufacture; if the month and year of manufacture are indicated, the date of manufacture is the 15th day of the month specified in the manufacturer's information.

4. For the purpose of classification of goods in subheading 8482 10 900 1 in the states, whose territories constitute the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union, when applying the term "French border of the country of importation", the country of import is understood as the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union.

5. For the purpose of subheading 8407 10 000 3, the term “take-off power” means the maximum power developed by an aircraft piston engine.

“Take-off power” is specified in the technical documentation and (or) accompanying documents, measured in kilowatts or horsepower (1 kW corresponds to 1.35962 hp).

6. В подсубпозиции 8421 99 000 5 термин «элементы мембранные рулонного типа для фильтрования или очистки жидкостей» означает устройства цилиндрической формы, состоящие из:

- internal plastic perforated tube on which spirally wound membrane bags;

- drainage material located between membrane bags and glued to them on three sides.

The membrane package consists of a twice folded band of membrane containing an extruded grid inside.

At the ends of the membrane roll-type element, fixing discs and sealing cuffs can be installed.

7. For the purposes of subheading 8415 20 000 2, the term “in a single enclosure” refers to air conditioning units (air conditioners) in which all the elements are combined in a single enclosure, frame or platform.

The term "in a single housing" also applies to air conditioning units (air conditioners) in which the refrigeration compressor, which is part of a given air conditioning unit (air conditioner), is located separately, that is, not combined with the rest of the elements in one housing, on one frame or on one platform.