2836 40 — Potassium carbonates

2836 Carbonates; peroxocarbonates (percarbonates); technical ammonium carbonate containing ammonium carbamate: 2836 20 - disodium carbonate 2836 30 - sodium hydrogen carbonate (sodium bicarbonate) 2836 40 - potassium carbonates 2836 50 - calcium carbonate 2836 60 - barium carbonate - other: 2836 91 - lithium carbonates 2836 92 - strontium carbonate 2836 99 - others

Subject to the exceptions specified in the general provisions of this sub-group, this heading covers: (I) Carbonates (neutral carbonates, hydrogen carbonates or bicarbonates, basic carbonates) - salts of metals of unspecified carbonic acid (H2CO3), the dioxide (CO2) of which falls in heading 2811.

(II) Peroxocarbonates (peroxocarbonates), i.e. carbonates containing excess oxygen, such as Na 2CO4 (peroxomonocarbonates) or Na 2C2O6 (peroxodicarbonates); are produced by the action of carbon dioxide on metal peroxides. (A) Carbonates (1) Ammonium carbonates. Get heated by a mixture of chalk and sulfate (or chloride) ammonium or the reaction of carbon dioxide with gaseous ammonia in the presence of water vapor. These methods produce technical ammonium carbonate, which, in addition to various impurities (chlorides, sulfates, organic matter), contains ammonium hydrogen carbonate and ammonium carbamate (NH2CONN4). Technical ammonium carbonate (included in this heading) is a white crystal mass or powder soluble in hot water. In a humid atmosphere, the properties of the product deteriorate and acidic carbonate is formed on the surface, although the commercial product can be used in this state. Ammonium carbonate is used as an etching during dyeing or printing of textile materials; as a detergent in wool; as an expectorant in medicine; for the manufacture of snuff salts or baking powder; in tanning; in rubber industry; in metallurgical production of cadmium; in organic synthesis, etc. (2) Sodium carbonates: (a) din atrium carbonate (neutral carbonate) (Na2CO3). Mistakenly referred to as “soda carbonate” or “technical soda”; not to be confused with sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) included in heading 2815. It is obtained by heating a solution of sodium chloride and ammonia with carbon dioxide, followed by decomposition of sodium acid carbonate formed during heating. It exists in the form of anhydrous (or dehydrated) powder or in the form of hydrated crystals (crystalline soda, laundry soda) with 10 water molecules weathered in air to form a monohydrate (with 1 water molecule). Used in various branches of industry: as flux in the glass and ceramic industry; in the textile industry; in the manufacture of detergents; in dried; as a binder for silk (with chloride of tetravalent tin); to prevent the formation of scale (see HS Explanatory Note to heading 3824); to obtain sodium hydroxide, sodium salts and indigo; in the metallurgical production of tungsten, bismuth, antimony or vanadium; in photography; for the purification of industrial waters (processing of production of hydrogen from carbohydrate) in a mixture of carbohydrate (Carbohydrate) of N3. Usually crystalline powder or white crystals; soluble in water, especially in hot; in a humid atmosphere, properties deteriorate. It is used in medicine (as a remedy against sand in the kidneys); for the manufacture of tablets that promote digestion, and in the manufacture of carbonated drinks; in the production of bakery powder; in the production of porcelain, etc. Natural sodium carbonate (natron, etc.) is excluded (heading 2530). (3) Potassium carbonates: (a) dicalium carbonate (neutral carbonate) (K 2CO3). Mistakenly referred to as "pot ashe"; not to be confused with potassium hydroxide (caustic potassium) of heading 2815. Received from ash of plant origin, dried effusion of sheep, but mainly

from potassium chloride. A white crystalline mass, deliquescent in air and soluble in water. Used in the manufacture of glass or ceramics; for bleaching or cleaning textile materials; for removing paint; for the preparation of potassium salts, cyanides, Prussian blue; for anti-scale preparations, etc.; (b) Potassium hydrogencarbonate (acid carbonate, potassium bicarbonate) (KHCO3). Obtained by the action of carbon dioxide on the neutral carbonate; white crystals, soluble in water, slightly deliquescent in air. Used in fire extinguishers; for the preparation of baking powder; in medicine and in wine-making (anti-acid preparation). (4) Precipitated calcium carbonate (CaCO3), covered by this heading, is obtained by treating solutions of calcium salts with carbon dioxide. Used as a filler, in the manufacture of toothpaste and face powder, in medicine (against rickets), etc. The heading excludes natural limestone (Chapter 25) and chalk (natural calcium carbonate), whether or not washed, and ground products (heading 2509), and calcium carbonate in powder form, the particles of which are coated with a water-repellent film of fatty acids (e.g., stearic acid) (heading 3824). (5) Precipitated barium carbonate (BaCO3), covered by this heading, is obtained from sodium carbonate and barium sulphide. A white powder, insoluble in water. Used for purifying industrial waters; in the preparation of parasiticides; in the manufacture of optical glass and pure barium oxide; as a pigment and flux in the manufacture of enamels; in the manufacture of rubber, paper, soap or sugar; in pyrotechnics (green light). Natural barium carbonate (witherite) is excluded (heading 2511). (6) Lead carbonates. Artificial lead carbonates covered by this heading: (a) Neutral lead carbonate (PbCO3). A white crystalline or amorphous powder, insoluble in water. Used in the manufacture of ceramics, pigments, mastics and indigo; (b) Basic lead carbonates of the type 2PbCO3·Pb(OH)2 exist as a powder, tablets, flakes or paste and are known as "white lead". White lead is obtained from lead acetate, itself obtained by the action of acetic acid on sheet lead or litharge; it is a drying pigment. Used in the manufacture of oil paints, fluxes, special mastics (e.g., for steam-pipe joints) and orange lead. White lead (alone or mixed with barium sulphate, zinc oxide, gypsum or kaolin) forms white pigments such as Venetian white, Hamburg white, etc. Natural lead carbonate (cerussite) is excluded (heading 2607). (7) Lithium carbonates. Neutral lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) is obtained by precipitating lithium sulphate with sodium carbonate; it is an odourless white crystalline powder, stable in air and moderately soluble in water. Used in medicine (uric diathesis) and in the preparation of mixtures for artificial mineral waters. (8) Precipitated strontium carbonate (SrCO3), covered by this heading, is a very fine white powder, insoluble in water.

It is used in pyrotechnics (red light) and for the manufacture of iridescent glass, fluorescent paints, the production of strontium oxide or strontium salts. Natural strontium carbonate is excluded (heading 2530). (9) Bismuth carbonate The artificial bismuth carbonate included in this heading is the basic bismuth carbonate (Bismuthyl carbonate) ((BiO) 2CO3). White or yellowish amorphous powder, not soluble in water. It is used in medicine and cosmetics. Natural bismuth hydrocarbonate (bismutite) is excluded (heading 2617). (10) Precipitated magnesium carbonate. The precipitated magnesium carbonate included in this heading is the basic hydrated carbonate. It is obtained by joint decomposition of sodium carbonate and magnesium sulfate. White powder is odorless, practically insoluble in water. Light carbonate, known as pharmaceutical "white magnesia", is used as a laxative, often supplied in cube form. Heavy carbonate is a granular white powder. Magnesium carbonate is used as a filler for paper or rubber; it is also used in cosmetics and as a thermal insulation material. Natural magnesium carbonate (magnesite) is excluded from this heading (heading 2519). (11) Manganese carbonates. Artificial carbonate (MnCO3), anhydrous or hydrated (with 1 molecule of water), included in this heading, is a fine-grained white, yellow, pinkish or brownish powder, not growable in water. It is used as a pigment for paints, rubber and ceramics; it is also used in medicine. Natural manganese carbonate (rhodochrosite or dialogite) is excluded (heading 2602). (12) Iron carbonates. Artificial carbonate (FeCO 3), anhydrous or hydrated (with 1 molecule of water), included in this heading, is obtained by the joint decomposition of iron sulfate and sodium carbonate. Gray crystals that are not soluble in water are easily oxidized in air, especially in the presence of moisture. It is used in the production of iron salts and in medicine. Natural iron carbonate (siderite or calibite) is excluded (heading 2601). (13) Cobalt carbonates. Cobalt carbonate (CoCO 3), anhydrous or hydrated (with 6 water molecules), is a crystalline powder of pink, red or greenish color, insoluble in water. It is used as a pigment in the production of enamels and for the production of oxides or cobalt salts. (14) Nickel carbonates. Normal artificial nickel carbonate (NiCO 3) is a light green powder that is not soluble in water; it is used as a pigment in ceramics and in the preparation of nickel oxide. Hydrated basic carbonate in the form of greenish crystals is used in ceramics, in the glass industry, when applying a galvanic coating, etc. Natural base nickel carbonate (zaratite) is excluded (heading 2530). (15) Copper carbonates. Artificial carbonates, also known as artificial malachite or artificial copper azure, are a kind of poisonous, water-insoluble, greenish-blue powders consisting of neutral carbonate (CuCO 3) or basic carbonates of various types. They are obtained from sodium carbonate and copper sulfate. Used as pigments in pure form or in a mixture (blue or green carbonate of copper, mountain blue or greens); as insecticides or fungicides; in medicine (how to do this).

antidote for poisoning with phosphorus); when applying a galvanic coating; in pyrotechnics, etc. Natural copper carbonate, whether hydrated or non-hydratiro (malachite, azurite), is excluded (heading 2603). (16) Zinc carbonate precipitated. The precipitated zinc carbonate (Z nCO3) included in this heading is obtained by the co-decomposition of sodium carbonate and zinc sulfate; a white crystalline powder practically insoluble in water. Used as a pigment in paints, rubber, ceramics and cosmetics. Natural zinc carbonate (smithsonite) is excluded (heading 2608).

(B) Peroxocarbonates (Percarbonates) (1) Sodium peroxocarbonates. They are obtained by treating hydrated or unhydrated sodium peroxide with liquid carbon dioxide. White powders that dissolve in water to form oxygen and neutral sodium carbonate. Used for bleaching, for the preparation of household detergents and in photography. (2) Potassium peroxocarbonates. It is obtained by electrolysis of a saturated solution of neutral potassium carbonate at a temperature of -10 °C or -15 °C. White crystals, very hygroscopic, in a humid atmosphere become blue and dissolve in an ode. Strong oxidants, sometimes used for whitening. (3) Other peroxocarbonates, such as ammonium or barium peroxocarbonates.

Notes

English text as published in Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2021/1832 (Combined Nomenclature). The EAEU tariff and the EU nomenclature copy these notes from the same convention. For a Russian declaration the binding version is the Russian one: Annex to Decision No 80 of the EEC Council of 14 September 2021.

1. Except where the context otherwise requires, the headings of this chapter apply only to:

(a) separate chemical elements and separate chemically defined compounds, whether or not containing impurities;

(b) the products mentioned in (a) above dissolved in water;

(c) the products mentioned in (a) above dissolved in other solvents provided that the solution constitutes a normal and necessary method of putting up these products adopted solely for reasons of safety or for transport and that the solvent does not render the product particularly suitable for specific use rather than for general use;

(d) the products mentioned in (a), (b) or (c) above with an added stabiliser (including an anti-caking agent) necessary for their preservation or transport;

(e) the products mentioned in (a), (b), (c) or (d) above with an added anti-dusting agent or a colouring substance added to facilitate their identification or for safety reasons, provided that the additions do not render the product particularly suitable for specific use rather than for general use.

2. In addition to dithionites and sulphoxylates, stabilised with organic substances (heading 2831), carbonates and peroxocarbonates of inorganic bases (heading 2836), cyanides, cyanide oxides and complex cyanides of inorganic bases (heading 2837), fulminates, cyanates and thiocyanates, of inorganic bases (heading 2842), organic products included in headings 2843 to 2846 and 2852 and carbides (heading 2849), only the following compounds of carbon are to be classified in this chapter:

(a) oxides of carbon, hydrogen cyanide and fulminic, isocyanic, thiocyanic and other simple or complex cyanogen acids (heading 2811);

(b) halide oxides of carbon (heading 2812);

(c) carbon disulphide (heading 2813);

(d) thiocarbonates, selenocarbonates, tellurocarbonates, selenocyanates, tellurocyanates, tetrathiocyanatodiamminochromates (reineckates) and other complex cyanates, of inorganic bases (heading 2842);

(e) hydrogen peroxide, solidified with urea (heading 2847), carbon oxysulphide, thiocarbonyl halides, cyanogen, cyanogen halides and cyanamide and its metal derivatives (heading 2853) other than calcium cyanamide, whether or not pure (Chapter 31).

3. Subject to the provisions of note 1 to Section VI, this chapter does not cover:

(a) sodium chloride or magnesium oxide, whether or not pure, or other products of Section V;

(b) organo-inorganic compounds other than those mentioned in note 2 above;

(c) products mentioned in note 2, 3, 4 or 5 to Chapter 31;

(d) inorganic products of a kind used as luminophores, of heading 3206; glass frit and other glass in the form of powder, granules or flakes, of heading 3207;

(e) artificial graphite (heading 3801); products put up as charges for fire-extinguishers or put up in fire-extinguishing grenades, of heading 3813; ink removers put up in packings for retail sale, of heading 3824; cultured crystals (other than optical elements) weighing not less than 2,5 g each, of the halides of the alkali or alkaline-earth metals, of heading 3824;

(f) precious or semi-precious stones (natural, synthetic or reconstructed) or dust or powder of such stones (headings 7102 to 7105), or precious metals or precious-metal alloys of Chapter 71;

(g) the metals, whether or not pure, metal alloys or cermets, including sintered metal carbides (metal carbides sintered with a metal), of Section XV; or

(h) optical elements, for example, of the halides of the alkali or alkaline-earth metals (heading 9001).

4. Chemically defined complex acids consisting of a non-metal acid of sub-chapter II and a metal acid of sub-chapter IV are to be classified in heading 2811.

5. Headings 2826 to 2842 apply only to metal or ammonium salts or peroxysalts. Except where the context otherwise requires, double or complex salts are to be classified in heading 2842.

6. Heading 2844 applies only to:

(a) technetium (atomic No 43), promethium (atomic No 61), polonium (atomic No 84) and all elements with an atomic number greater than 84;

(b) natural or artificial radioactive isotopes (including those of the precious metals or of the base metals of Sections XIV and XV), whether or not mixed together;

(c) compounds, inorganic or organic, of these elements or isotopes, whether or not chemically defined, whether or not mixed together;

(d) alloys, dispersions (including cermets), ceramic products and mixtures containing these elements or isotopes or inorganic or organic compounds thereof and having a specific radioactivity exceeding 74 Bq/g (0,002 μCi/g);

(e) spent (irradiated) fuel elements (cartridges) of nuclear reactors;

(f) radioactive residues whether or not usable. The term ‘isotopes’, for the purposes of this note and of the wording of headings 2844 and 2845, refers to: — individual nuclides, excluding, however, those existing in nature in the monoisotopic state, — mixtures of isotopes of one and the same element, enriched in one or several of the said isotopes, that is, elements of which the natural isotopic composition has been artificially modified.

7. Heading 2853 includes copper phosphide (phosphor copper) containing more than 15 % by weight of phosphorus.

8. Chemical elements (for example, silicon and selenium) doped for use in electronics are to be classified in this chapter, provided that they are in forms unworked as drawn, or in the form of cylinders or rods. When cut in the form of discs, wafers or similar forms, they fall in heading 3818.

Subheading note

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. В субпозиции 2852 10 термин «определенного химического состава» означает все органические или неорганические соединения ртути, удовлетворяющие требованиям примечаний 1 (а) – 1 (д) к группе 28 и примечаний 1 (а) – 1 (з) к группе 29.

Additional note

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. Unless otherwise specified, the salts referred to in the subheadings include acid salts and basic salts.