2902 19 000 0 — Cyclic hydrocarbons: cyclanes, cyclenes and cycloterpenes: other

2902 Hydrocarbons cyclic: - cycloalkanes, cycloalkenes and cycloterpenes: 2902 11 - - - cyclohexane 2902 19 - - - other 2902 20 - benzene 2902 30 - toluene - xylene: 2902 41 - - - - o-xylene 2902 42 - - - m-xylene 2902 43 - p-xylene 2902 44 - mixtures of isomers of xylene 2902 50 - styrene 2902 60 - ethylbenzene 2902 70 - cumol 2902 90 - others

Cyclic hydrocarbons are compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen and having at least one ring in their structure. They can be divided into three categories: (A) Cycloalcanes and cycloalkenes. (B) Cycloterpenes. (C) Aromatic hydrocarbons. (A) Cycloalcanes and Cycloalkenes These compounds are cyclic hydrocarbons which, in the case of

15 of saturated monocyclic alkanes correspond to the general formula CnH2n and, in the case of polycyclic alkanes or unsaturated alkanes (alkenes), to the general formula CnH2n-x (in which "x" may have the value 2, 4, 6, etc.). (1) Monocyclic alkanes include the polymethylene and naphthenic hydrocarbons found in certain petroleums; examples are: (a) cyclopropane (C3H6) (gas); (b) cyclobutane (C4H8) (gas); (c) cyclopentane (C5H10) (liquid); (d) cyclohexane (C6H12) (liquid). (2) Polycyclic alkanes include: (a) decahydronaphthalene (C10H18), a colourless liquid used as a solvent for paints and varnishes, for polishes, etc.; (b) bridged compounds such as 1,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-exo-1,4-endo-5,8-dimethanonaphthalene (C12H16), from which the pesticide HEOD is obtained; (c) compounds with a "cage" structure, such as pentacyclo[5.2.1.0 2,6.03,9.05,8]decane (C10H12), from which dodecachloropentacyclo[5.2.1.02,6. 03,9.05,8]decane is obtained. (3) Cycloalkenes include: (a) cyclobutene (C4H6), a gas; (b) cyclopentene (C5H8), a liquid; (c) cyclohexene (C6H10), a liquid; (d) cyclooctatetraene (C8H8), a liquid; (e) azulene (C10H8), a solid. The heading does not, however, include synthetic carotenes, which fall in heading 3204. (B) CYCLOTERPENES These hydrocarbons do not differ in general chemical structure from the compounds of the cycloalkene group and have the general formula (C5H8)n, where n may be 2 or more. They occur in the natural state in plants, in the form of fragrant volatile liquids, for example: (1) Pinene, a constituent of wood turpentine, pine oil, cinnamon oil, etc.; it is a colourless liquid. (2) Camphene, contained in nutmeg essential oil, petitgrain oil, etc. (3) Limonene, found in citrus fruit oils; dipentene is a mixture of the optical isomers of limonene. Crude dipentene is excluded (heading 3805). The heading excludes essential oils (heading 33 01), gum, wood or sulphate turpentine and other terpenic oils produced by the distillation or other treatment of coniferous woods (heading 3805). (C) AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS These compounds contain one or more condensed or non-condensed benzene rings, benzene being the hydrocarbon consisting of 6 atoms

16 carbon and 6 hydrogen atoms arranged as 6 CH groups forming a hexagonal ring. Hydrocarbons with only one benzene ring. They include benzene and its homologues. (a) Benzene (C6H6). It is found in coal gas, in some types of oil and in liquid products of dry distillation of numerous organic materials rich in carbon (coal, lignite, etc.); it is also obtained by synthesis. In its pure form, it is a colorless mobile, refractive liquid, volatile and flammable, with a fragrant smell. It easily dissolves resins, fats, essential oils, rubber, etc. Numerous products can be synthesized from benzene. For inclusion in this heading, benzene must have a purity of 95 % or more by weight. Lower purity Benzene is excluded (heading 2707). Toluene (methylbenzene) (C 6H5CH3). A benzene derivative in which one hydrogen atom is replaced by a methyl group. It is obtained by distillation of light coal resin or cyclization of acyclic hydrocarbons. Colorless mobile, refractive, flammable liquid with a fragrant smell similar to the smell of benzene. For inclusion in this heading, toluene must be of a purity of 95 % or more by weight. Lower purity toluene is excluded (heading 2707). (c) Xylene (dimethylbenzene) (C 6H4(CH3)2). A benzene derivative in which two hydrogen atoms are replaced by two methyl groups. There are three isomers: o-xylol, m-xylol and p-xylol. Xylene is a transparent flammable liquid, contained in light coal resin. For inclusion in this heading, xylene must contain 95 wt.% or more of xylene isomers, all xylene isomers being taken into account together. Xylene of lesser purity is excluded (heading 2707). (d) Other aromatic hydrocarbons of this group are formed by a benzene ring and one or more side chains, open or closed; they include: (1) Styrene (C6H5·CH=CH2). A colorless oily liquid used mainly in the production of plastics (polystyrene) and synthetic rubber. (2) Ethylbenzene (C6H5·C2H5). The colorless flammable, movable liquid contained in coal tar is usually obtained from benzene and ethylene. (3) Kumol (C6H5·CH(CH3)2). A colorless liquid is found in some types of oil. Used mainly in the production of phenol, acetone, α-methylstyrene or as a solvent. (4) p-Kumol (CH3·C6H4·CH(CH3)2). Contained in large quantities in some essential oils. A colorless liquid with a pleasant smell. Raw p cumol is excluded (heading 3805). (5) Tetrahydronafthalene (tetraline) (C 10H12). It is obtained by catalytic hydrogenation of naphthalene. A colorless liquid with a terpene-like smell is used as a solvent, etc. (II) Hydrocarbons with two or more non-condensed benzene rings; these include: (a) Biphenyl (C6H5·C6H5). Shiny white crystals with a pleasant smell; used, in particular, to obtain chlorinated derivatives (plasticizers), as

17 cooling agent (alone or mixed with biphenyl ether) and as a moderator in nuclear reactors. (b) Diphenylmethane (C6H5·CH2·C6H5). Hydrocarbon with two benzene rings linked by a methylene group (CH2). Crystallizes, forming colorless needle crystals with a strong smell resembling the smell of geranium; used in organic synthesis. (c) Triphenylmethane (CH(C6H5)3). Methane, in which three hydrogen atoms are replaced by three benzene rings. Terphenyls. A mixture of terphenyl isomers is used as cooling agents and as moderators in nuclear reactors. Hydrocarbons with two or more condensed benzene rings: (a) Naphthalene (C10H8). It is formed by condensation of two benzene rings. It is found in coal tar, in oil, in coal gas, in brown coal tar, etc. It crystallizes, forming small white scales with a characteristic smell. For inclusion in this heading, naphthalene must have a crystallization temperature of 79.4 °C or more. Naphthalene of lesser purity is excluded (heading 2707). (b) Fenantren (C14H10). It is formed by condensation of three benzene rings. One of the products of distillation of coal tar; small colorless fluorescent crystals. Phenanthrene is included in this heading only if it is a separate compound of a particular chemical composition in its pure or technically pure state. Raw phenanthrene is excluded (heading 2707). (c) Anthracene (C14H10). It is also formed by condensation of three benzene rings and occurs in coal tar. Colorless crystals or yellowish powder; fluoresces in purple blue. For inclusion in this heading, anthracene must have a purity of 90 % or more by weight. Anthracene of lower purity is excluded (heading 2707). This group also includes the following hydrocarbons: (1) Acenaften. (2) Methylantracene. (3) Fluoren. (4) Fluorantin. (5) Pyrene. This heading does not include those dodecylbenzenes and those nonylnaphthalenes which are mixed alkylarenes (heading 3817).

Notes

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. Unless otherwise specified in the context, the headings of this chapter include only:

(a) individual organic compounds of a particular chemical composition, whether or not containing impurities;

(b) mixtures of two or more isomers of the same organic compound (containing or not containing impurities), except for mixtures of isomers of acyclic hydrocarbons (but not stereoisomers), saturated or unsaturated (Chapter 27);

(c) products of headings 2936 to 2939 or simple esters of sugars, acetals of sugars, esters of sugars and their salts, of heading 2940, or products of heading 2941, whether chemically defined or indefinite;

(d) products referred to in points (a), (b) or (c) above dissolved in water;

(e) products referred to in points (a), (b) or (c) above dissolved in other solvents, provided that dissolution is the usual and necessary method used solely for the preservation or transportation of these products, and that the solvent does not render the product suitable for a specific application other than conventional use;

(f) products referred to in points (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) above, with the addition of a stabilizing substance (including an anti-traceability agent) necessary for their preservation or transport;

(g) products referred to in points (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) or (f) above, with the addition of an anti-dust agent or a coloring or fragrant substance or emetic to facilitate their identification or for safety purposes, provided that these additives do not make the product suitable for a specific use other than traditional use;

(h) the following products diluted to a standard concentration for the production of azo dyes: diazonium salts, substances reacting with these salts, diazotizing amines and their salts.

2. This group does not include:

(a) the goods of heading 1504 or of raw glycerol of heading 1520;

(b) ethyl alcohol (heading 2207 or 2208);

(c) methane or propane (heading 2711);

(d) the carbon compounds referred to in Note 2 to Chapter 28;

(e) immunological products of heading 3002;

(f) urea (heading 3102 or 3105);

(g) dyes of vegetable or animal origin (heading 3203), synthetic organic dyes, synthetic organic products used as optical bleaches or phosphors (heading 3204), or dyes or other dyes packaged in molds or packages for retail sale (heading 3212);

(h) enzymes (heading 3507);

(ij) metaldehyde, hexamethylenetetramine or similar substances, packaged in moulds (e.g. tablets, sticks or similar forms) intended for use as fuel, or liquid or liquefied gaseous fuel in containers of not more than 300 cm in capacity, used for filling or refilling cigarette or similar lighters (heading 3606);

(k) products supplied as fire extinguishing charges or grenades for extinguishing fires of heading 3813; ink stain removal preparations packaged for retail sale of heading 3824; or

(l) optical elements, for example of ethylenediamintartrate (heading 9001).

3. Goods which may be included in two or more headings of this Chapter are classified in the heading, the latter in ascending order of the codes in this Chapter of the Nomenclature.

4. For the purposes of headings 2904 to 2906, 2908 to 2911 and 2913 to 2920, any reference to halogenated, sulfonated, nitrated or nitrosed derivatives also applies to mixed derivatives such as sulfohalogenated, nitrohalogenated, nitrosulfonated or nitrosulfohalogenated derivatives.

For the purposes of heading 2929, nitrogen or nitrozo groups are not regarded as nitrogen-containing functional groups.

For the purposes of headings 2911, 2912, 2914, 2918 and 2922, the term “oxygen-containing functional group” means that the characteristic organic oxygen-containing groups of these headings are limited to the oxygen-containing functional groups referred to in headings 2905 to 2920.

5. (A) Esters of organic compounds with acidic functional groups of subgroups I to VII with organic compounds of the same subgroups shall be included with that of them which falls in the heading last in ascending order of codes in these subgroups of the Nomenclature.

(B) Ethyl alcohol esters with organic compounds with acid functional groups of subgroups I to VII are to be classified in the same headings as the corresponding organic compounds with acid functional groups.

(C) Subject to note 1 to section VI and note 2 to chapter 28:

(1) Inorganic salts of organic compounds, such as compounds with acidic, phenolic or enolic functional groups, or organic bases of subgroups I to X or heading 2942, are to be classified in the headings for organic compounds;

(2) salts resulting from chemical reactions between organic compounds of subgroups I to X or heading 2942 are to be classified in the heading for the base or acid (including compounds with phenolic or enolic functional groups) from which these salts are formed, the latter in ascending order of the codes in the group; and

(3) Coordinating or complex compounds, other than substances of sub-group XI or heading 2941, are classified in the heading last in ascending order of the codes of Chapter 29, among those suitable for fragments formed by the "splitting" of all metal bonds other than metal-carbon bonds.

(D) Metal alcohols are to be classified in the same heading as the alcohols concerned, with the exception of ethanol (heading 2905).

(E) Carboxylic acid halides are to be classified in the same heading as the corresponding acids.

6. The compounds of headings 2930 and 2931 are organic compounds whose molecules, in addition to hydrogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, contain atoms of other nonmetals or metals (such as sulfur, arsenic or lead) directly bound to carbon atoms.

Headings 2930 (organic sulphur compounds) and 2931 (other organo-inorganic compounds) do not include sulfonated or halogenated derivatives (including complex derivatives) which, in addition to hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, have only directly carbon-related sulphur or halogen atoms giving them the properties of sulfonated or halogenated derivatives (or complex derivatives).

7. Headings 2932 to 2934 do not include three-membered ring epoxides, ketone peroxides, cyclic polymers of aldehydes or thioaldehydes, anhydrides of polybasic carboxylic acids, cyclic esters of polyalcohols or phenols with polybasic acids or imides of polybasic acids.

These provisions are applicable only if heteroatom cycles are formed only as a result of the cyclization reaction or as a result of the reactions mentioned above.

8. In heading 2937:

(a) the term “hormones” covers release hormones or factors that stimulate hormone secretion, hormone inhibitors and hormone antagonists (antihormones);

(b) the term “mainly used as hormones” applies not only to hormone derivatives and their structural analogues used principally for hormonal action, but also to such derivatives and structural analogues as are used principally as intermediates in the synthesis of substances of this heading.

Subheading notes

English text as published in Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2021/1832 (Combined Nomenclature). The EAEU tariff and the EU nomenclature copy these notes from the same convention. For a Russian declaration the binding version is the Russian one: Annex to Decision No 80 of the EEC Council of 14 September 2021.

1. Within any one heading of this chapter, derivatives of a chemical compound (or group of chemical compounds) are to be classified in the same subheading as that compound (or group of compounds), provided that they are not more specifically covered by any other subheading and that there is no residual subheading named ‘Other’ in the series of subheadings concerned.

2. Note 3 to Chapter 29 does not apply to the subheadings of this chapter.

Additional notes of the Eurasian Economic Union

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. Subheading 2901 10 000 1 covers ethane, butane and isobutane in the form of separate isomers of a purity of 95% or more. This percentage of compounds is calculated respectively by volume for gaseous products or by weight for liquefied products. Ethane, butane and isobutane having a lower degree of purity fall in heading 2711.

2. Subheading 2901 10 000 2 covers pentane and isopentane as separate isomers of a purity of 95 % or more by weight.