2918 13 — Salts and esters of tartaric acid

2918 Carboxylic acids with additional oxygen function and their anhydrides, halides, peroxides and peroxyacids; their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives: – Carboxylic acids with alcohol function but without other oxygen function, their anhydrides, halides, peroxides, peroxyacids and their derivatives: 2918 11 – – Lactic acid, its salts and esters 2918 12 – – Tartaric acid 2918 13 – – Salts and esters of tartaric acid 2918 14 – – Citric acid 2918 15 – – Salts and esters of citric acid 2918 16 – – Gluconic acid, its salts and esters 2918 17 – – 2,2-Diphenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid (benzilic acid) 2918 18 – – Chlorobenzilate (ISO) 2918 19 – – Other – Carboxylic acids with phenol function but without other oxygen function, their anhydrides, halides, peroxides, peroxyacids and their derivatives: 2918 21 – – Salicylic acid and its salts 2918 22 – – O-Acetylsalicylic acid, its salts and esters 2918 23 – – Other esters of salicylic acid and their salts

55 2918 29 – – Other 2918 30 – Carboxylic acids with aldehyde or ketone function but without other oxygen function, their anhydrides, halides, peroxides, peroxyacids and their derivatives – Other: 2918 91 – – 2,4,5-T (ISO) (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid), its salts and esters 2918 99 – – Other

This heading covers carboxylic acids with additional oxygen function and their anhydrides, halides, peroxides, peroxyacids, esters and salts, as well as halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives (including compound derivatives) of any of these products. The term "additional oxygen function" means carboxylic acids which also contain one or more of the oxygen functions referred to in the preceding sub-Chapters (alcohol, ether, phenol, aldehyde, ketone, etc., functions). (A) CARBOXYLIC ACIDS WITH ALCOHOL FUNCTION AND THEIR ESTERS, SALTS AND OTHER DERIVATIVES These contain both an alcohol function (–CH2OH, >CHOH or COH) and an acid function (–COOH). Each of these two functions may react in accordance with its own nature; consequently, as alcohols these compounds may form ethers, esters and other derivatives, while as acids they may form salts, esters, etc. The principal hydroxy acids include: (1) Lactic acid (CH3·CH(OH)·COOH). Obtained by fermentation of glucose or by treating sugar cane with lactic ferment. Very hygroscopic crystalline masses or a dense, syrupy liquid, colourless or light yellow. Used in medicine, in dyeing and also for deliming hides. This heading covers commercial, technical or pharmaceutical lactic acid. The colour of the commercial acid varies from yellow to brown and it has an unpleasant, very acid odour. The technical or pharmaceutical acids usually contain 75 % or more of lactic acid. The principal salts are the lactates of calcium (used in medicine), strontium, magnesium, zinc, antimony, iron and bismuth. Its esters include ethyl and butyl lactates, used as solvents for lacquers. Mercury lactate is excluded (heading 2852). (2) Tartaric acid (HOOC·CH(OH)·CH(OH)·COOH). Transparent colourless crystals. Used in dyeing, in photography, in the manufacture of baking powder, in wine-making and in medicine. Its salts include: (a) sodium tartrate;

56(b) potassium tartrate; (c) purified potassium hydrogen tartrate (wine stone). Raw wine stone (argol) is excluded (heading 2307); (d) calcium tartrate, fine crystals. Raw calcium tartrate is excluded (heading 3824); (e) potassium antimony tartrate (vomit stone), potassium sodium tartrate (sel de Seignette), and potassium iron tartrate. Their esters include: (i) ethyl tartrates; (ii) butyl tartrates; (iii) pentil tartrates. (3) Citric acid: Free in fruit juices of citrus fruits; also obtained by fermentation of glucose or sucrose with some citromycetes. Crystallizes to form large colorless, transparent prismatic crystals or crystalline white, odorless powder. It is used for the preparation of beverages, in the textile industry, in winemaking, in medicine, in the production of citrates, etc. Its salts include: (a) lithium citrate; (b) calcium citrate. Unrefined calcium citrate is excluded (heading 3824); (c) aluminum citrate, used as an herb for dyeing; (d) iron citrate, used in photography. Its main esters are: (i) triethyl citrate; (ii) tributyl citrate. (4) Gluconic acid and its salts. Gluconic acid usually exists as an aqueous solution. Its calcium salt is used, for example, in medicine, for lightening and as an additive to concrete. (5) Glucoheptonic acid and its salts, for example, calcium glucoheptonate. (6) Phenylglycolic acid (almond acid). (7) Malic acid (HOOC·CH(OH)·CH2·COOH). Blending colorless crystalline mass; used in organic synthesis, medicine, etc. (8) 2,2-diphenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid (benzylic acid)*. Aromatic acid in the form of white crystals, soluble in many primary alcohols; used in organic synthesis, in medicine and as a precursor in the production of chemical warfare agents. (B) Carbonic acids containing a phenolic functional group and their complex effires, salts and other production phenolic acids, cyclic (aromatic) acids which contain both

57 acid group (-UNF), that to and one or more (-OH) groups in the nucleus. The simplest phenolic acid has the formula (OH·C6H4·UNF). (I) Salicylic acid (ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid) (OH·C 6H4·UNF). Crystallizes, forming white bulky flakes or a white light, odorless powder. Widely used in medicine, as well as for obtaining azo dyes, etc. Its most important salts are: (a) sodium salicylate. Used in medicine; (b) bismuth salicylate, an odorless white powder, is used in medicine. Its most important esters are: (a) methyl salicylate. Component of Wintergrene Oil. Oily colorless liquid with a strong persistent aromatic odor; used in medicine; (b) phenylsalicylate (salol). Crystallizes, forming colorless scales with a weak pleasant aromatic smell. Used in medicine and as an antiseptic; (c) ethyl-, naphthyl-, butyl-, amyl-, benzyl-, bornyl-, citronelli-, geranyl-, mentyl-, rhodiyl salicylates. (II) o-Acetylsalicylic acid (CH3·COOS6H4·UNF). Crystalline white powder; odorless; used in medicine. (III) Sulfosalicylic acid (salicyl sulfoxy acid). (IV) p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, crystalline. Its main esters include: (1) Methyl-p-hydroxybenzoate. (2) Ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate. (3) Propyl-p-hydroxybenzoate. These esters are used as preservatives. (V) Cruciote acids. (VI) Acetyl-o-cryotic acids. (VII) Gallic acid ((OH)3·C6H2·COOH). It comes from tannins, or knoppers. Thin silky, shiny, colorless or pale yellow crystals, odorless. It is used for the preparation of dyes and ink, in photography, when tanning as an etc. Its principal salts and esters are: (1) Basic gallate vi smoot. Amorphous powder, lemon-yellow, odorless, astringent and absorbent; used in medicine. (2) Methylgallate, crystals. It is used as a disinfectant and astringent, as well as in ophthalmology. (3) Propyl gallate. (VIII) Hydroxynaphthoic acids.

58(IX) Hydroxianthracencarboxylic acids. (C) Carbonaceous acids containing an aldehyde or ketone functional group, and their complex ephires, salts, and other derived (1) aldehyde acids contain both an aldehyde group (-SNO) and an acid group (-SUN). (2) Ketonic acids contain both a ketone group (>C=O) and an acid group (-UNF). The most important ester of these acids is ethyl acetoacetate and its sodium derivative. (D) Other carboxylic acids containing supplementary oxygen-containing functional group and their complex ethers, salts and other production anisic acids (CH3·O·C6H4·UN). It is obtained by oxidation of anise aldehyde, anethol and anise oil. Colorless crystals with a slight smell of anethol; used as an antiseptic, in medicine and in the production of dyes.

Sub-Chapter VIII ESTERS OF INORGANIC ACIDS OF NON-METALS AND THEIR SALTS, AND THEIR HALOGENATED, SULPHONATED, NITRATED OR NITROSATED DERIVATIVES GENERAL (A) ESTERS OF INORGANIC ACIDS OF NON-METALS These compounds are usually formed by the reaction of an alcohol or a phenol with inorganic acids of non-metals. They have the general formula (R·O·X), in which R is an alcohol or phenol radical and X is the remainder of the inorganic acid molecule, known as the acid radical. The acid radical of nitric acid is (–NO2), of sulphuric acid (=SO2), of phosphoric acid (PO) and of carbonic acid (CO). This sub-Chapter does not cover the esters of the later headings of this Chapter. (B) SALTS OF ESTERS OF INORGANIC ACIDS OF NON-METALS These compounds can be obtained only from esters of inorganic polybasic acids of non-metals (sulphuric, phosphoric, silicic, etc.). Polybasic acids have more than one replaceable acid element and, when not all these elements are esterified, an acid ester is formed. Appropriate treatment of these acid esters yields a salt of an ester of an inorganic acid of a non-metal. Nitrous and nitric acids, being monobasic, can give only neutral esters.

Notes

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. Unless otherwise specified in the context, the headings of this chapter include only:

(a) individual organic compounds of a particular chemical composition, whether or not containing impurities;

(b) mixtures of two or more isomers of the same organic compound (containing or not containing impurities), except for mixtures of isomers of acyclic hydrocarbons (but not stereoisomers), saturated or unsaturated (Chapter 27);

(c) products of headings 2936 to 2939 or simple esters of sugars, acetals of sugars, esters of sugars and their salts, of heading 2940, or products of heading 2941, whether chemically defined or indefinite;

(d) products referred to in points (a), (b) or (c) above dissolved in water;

(e) products referred to in points (a), (b) or (c) above dissolved in other solvents, provided that dissolution is the usual and necessary method used solely for the preservation or transportation of these products, and that the solvent does not render the product suitable for a specific application other than conventional use;

(f) products referred to in points (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) above, with the addition of a stabilizing substance (including an anti-traceability agent) necessary for their preservation or transport;

(g) products referred to in points (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) or (f) above, with the addition of an anti-dust agent or a coloring or fragrant substance or emetic to facilitate their identification or for safety purposes, provided that these additives do not make the product suitable for a specific use other than traditional use;

(h) the following products diluted to a standard concentration for the production of azo dyes: diazonium salts, substances reacting with these salts, diazotizing amines and their salts.

2. This group does not include:

(a) the goods of heading 1504 or of raw glycerol of heading 1520;

(b) ethyl alcohol (heading 2207 or 2208);

(c) methane or propane (heading 2711);

(d) the carbon compounds referred to in Note 2 to Chapter 28;

(e) immunological products of heading 3002;

(f) urea (heading 3102 or 3105);

(g) dyes of vegetable or animal origin (heading 3203), synthetic organic dyes, synthetic organic products used as optical bleaches or phosphors (heading 3204), or dyes or other dyes packaged in molds or packages for retail sale (heading 3212);

(h) enzymes (heading 3507);

(ij) metaldehyde, hexamethylenetetramine or similar substances, packaged in moulds (e.g. tablets, sticks or similar forms) intended for use as fuel, or liquid or liquefied gaseous fuel in containers of not more than 300 cm in capacity, used for filling or refilling cigarette or similar lighters (heading 3606);

(k) products supplied as fire extinguishing charges or grenades for extinguishing fires of heading 3813; ink stain removal preparations packaged for retail sale of heading 3824; or

(l) optical elements, for example of ethylenediamintartrate (heading 9001).

3. Goods which may be included in two or more headings of this Chapter are classified in the heading, the latter in ascending order of the codes in this Chapter of the Nomenclature.

4. For the purposes of headings 2904 to 2906, 2908 to 2911 and 2913 to 2920, any reference to halogenated, sulfonated, nitrated or nitrosed derivatives also applies to mixed derivatives such as sulfohalogenated, nitrohalogenated, nitrosulfonated or nitrosulfohalogenated derivatives.

For the purposes of heading 2929, nitrogen or nitrozo groups are not regarded as nitrogen-containing functional groups.

For the purposes of headings 2911, 2912, 2914, 2918 and 2922, the term “oxygen-containing functional group” means that the characteristic organic oxygen-containing groups of these headings are limited to the oxygen-containing functional groups referred to in headings 2905 to 2920.

5. (A) Esters of organic compounds with acidic functional groups of subgroups I to VII with organic compounds of the same subgroups shall be included with that of them which falls in the heading last in ascending order of codes in these subgroups of the Nomenclature.

(B) Ethyl alcohol esters with organic compounds with acid functional groups of subgroups I to VII are to be classified in the same headings as the corresponding organic compounds with acid functional groups.

(C) Subject to note 1 to section VI and note 2 to chapter 28:

(1) Inorganic salts of organic compounds, such as compounds with acidic, phenolic or enolic functional groups, or organic bases of subgroups I to X or heading 2942, are to be classified in the headings for organic compounds;

(2) salts resulting from chemical reactions between organic compounds of subgroups I to X or heading 2942 are to be classified in the heading for the base or acid (including compounds with phenolic or enolic functional groups) from which these salts are formed, the latter in ascending order of the codes in the group; and

(3) Coordinating or complex compounds, other than substances of sub-group XI or heading 2941, are classified in the heading last in ascending order of the codes of Chapter 29, among those suitable for fragments formed by the "splitting" of all metal bonds other than metal-carbon bonds.

(D) Metal alcohols are to be classified in the same heading as the alcohols concerned, with the exception of ethanol (heading 2905).

(E) Carboxylic acid halides are to be classified in the same heading as the corresponding acids.

6. The compounds of headings 2930 and 2931 are organic compounds whose molecules, in addition to hydrogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, contain atoms of other nonmetals or metals (such as sulfur, arsenic or lead) directly bound to carbon atoms.

Headings 2930 (organic sulphur compounds) and 2931 (other organo-inorganic compounds) do not include sulfonated or halogenated derivatives (including complex derivatives) which, in addition to hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, have only directly carbon-related sulphur or halogen atoms giving them the properties of sulfonated or halogenated derivatives (or complex derivatives).

7. Headings 2932 to 2934 do not include three-membered ring epoxides, ketone peroxides, cyclic polymers of aldehydes or thioaldehydes, anhydrides of polybasic carboxylic acids, cyclic esters of polyalcohols or phenols with polybasic acids or imides of polybasic acids.

These provisions are applicable only if heteroatom cycles are formed only as a result of the cyclization reaction or as a result of the reactions mentioned above.

8. In heading 2937:

(a) the term “hormones” covers release hormones or factors that stimulate hormone secretion, hormone inhibitors and hormone antagonists (antihormones);

(b) the term “mainly used as hormones” applies not only to hormone derivatives and their structural analogues used principally for hormonal action, but also to such derivatives and structural analogues as are used principally as intermediates in the synthesis of substances of this heading.

Subheading notes

English text as published in Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2021/1832 (Combined Nomenclature). The EAEU tariff and the EU nomenclature copy these notes from the same convention. For a Russian declaration the binding version is the Russian one: Annex to Decision No 80 of the EEC Council of 14 September 2021.

1. Within any one heading of this chapter, derivatives of a chemical compound (or group of chemical compounds) are to be classified in the same subheading as that compound (or group of compounds), provided that they are not more specifically covered by any other subheading and that there is no residual subheading named ‘Other’ in the series of subheadings concerned.

2. Note 3 to Chapter 29 does not apply to the subheadings of this chapter.

Additional notes of the Eurasian Economic Union

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. Subheading 2901 10 000 1 covers ethane, butane and isobutane in the form of separate isomers of a purity of 95% or more. This percentage of compounds is calculated respectively by volume for gaseous products or by weight for liquefied products. Ethane, butane and isobutane having a lower degree of purity fall in heading 2711.

2. Subheading 2901 10 000 2 covers pentane and isopentane as separate isomers of a purity of 95 % or more by weight.