9027 30 000 0 — Instruments and apparatus for physical or chemical analysis (for example, polarimeters, refractometers, spectrometers, gas or smoke analysis apparatus); instruments and apparatus for measuring or checking viscosity, porosity, expansion, surface tension or the like; instruments and apparatus for measuring or checking quantities of heat, sound or light (including exposure meters); microtomes: spectrometers, spectrophotometers and spectrographs using optical radiations (ultraviolet, visible, infrared)

9027 Instruments and apparatus for physical or chemical analysis (for example, polarimeters, refractometers, spectrometers, gas or smoke analysis apparatus); instruments and apparatus for measuring or checking viscosity, porosity, expansion, surface tension or the like; instruments and apparatus for measuring or checking quantities of heat, sound or light (including exposure meters); microtomes: 9027 10 – gas or smoke analysis apparatus 9027 20 – chromatographs and electrophoresis instruments 9027 30 – spectrometers, spectrophotometers and spectrographs using optical radiations (ultraviolet, visible, infrared) 9027 50 – other instruments and apparatus using optical radiations (ultraviolet, visible, infrared) 9027 80 – other instruments and apparatus 9027 90 – microtomes; parts and accessories

This heading covers: (1) Polarimeters. Instruments for measuring the angle through which the plane of polarisation of a ray of light is rotated when passing through an optically active substance. They consist of a light source, an optical device containing polarising and analysing prisms, a holder for the tube in which the substance to be analysed is placed, an observation eyepiece and a measuring scale. In addition to the basic optical elements of the ordinary polarimeter, electronic polarimeters are also fitted with a photoelectric cell. (2) Half-shade polarimeters for analysing plane-polarised or elliptically polarised light. (3) Saccharimeters. These are special polarimeters designed for determining the concentration of sugar solutions. (4) Refractometers. These are instruments for determining the refractive index of liquids or solids (one of the most important constants in determining the purity of a substance). They consist essentially of a system of prisms, observation eyepieces and reading eyepieces, and a device for regulating the temperature (since this greatly affects the refractive index). They are used particularly widely in the food industry (for checking oils of vegetable origin, butter and other fatty substances, analysing jams, fruit juices, etc.), in the glass industry, in oil refineries, in biology (for measuring the protein content of blood plasma or of effluents, etc.). Most refractometers are mounted on a base or stand; others are of the hand type or may be designed for fixing to the wall of production tanks. (5) Spectrometers. These instruments are used for measuring the wavelengths of emission and absorption spectra. They consist essentially of an adjustable slit collimator (through which the ray of light to be analysed passes), one or more adjustable prisms, a telescope and a prism table. Some spectrometers (particularly those used for infra-red or ultra-violet rays) are fitted with prisms or diffraction gratings.

This category of goods includes: spectroscopes for spectra observation; spectrographs for recording the spectrum on an otographic plate or film (spectrograms); monochromators - devices for isolating a line in a linear spectrum or for isolating some parts of a continuous spectrum. This heading does not include spectroheliographs and spectrogel ioscopes used for solar observations (heading 9005); spectral projectors for the study of enlarged spectrograms projected onto a screen (heading 9008); laboratory measuring microscopes and spectrocomparators containing mikroscopes (for the comparative study of spectrograms by optical observation) (heading 9011); and spectrum analyzers for the measurement or control of electrical quantities (heading 9030). (6) Mass spectrographs and similar apparatus for analysis of top composition, etc. materials. However, this heading does not cover isotope separation calutrons (heading 8401). (7) Colorimeters. The term colorimeter refers to two different classes of instruments. One class is used to determine the color of a substance (liquid or solid) by matching its color with the color obtained from three primary colors (red, green and blue), mixed in variable but measured proportions. Colorimeters of the second class are used in chemical or bi-ochemical analysis to determine the concentration of a substance contained in a solution by comparing the color of this substance (or the color of the substance after treatment with its reagent) with the color of the colored reference plates or reference liquid. In one type of colorime of the last class, the test solution and the reference solution are contained in two glass tubes, which are examined using two prisms through the eyepiece. Some of these devices are based on the use of a photocell. In some devices of this t ipa, a paper tape is used with a reagent that changes its color after reaction with gas. These devices use two solar cells that measure color before and after reaction with gas. This group of products also includes devices for optical analysis, such as nephelometers and turbidimeters (to determine the turbidity of solutions), absorbiometers, fluorimeters (to determine fluorescence, widely used in the analysis of the content of vitamins, alkaloids, etc.), blancometers and densitometers (specially used to measure the degree of whiteness, opacity and shine of paper mass, etc.). (8) Gas or smoke analysis apparatus. They are used to analyze combustible gases or combustion by-products (burnt gases) in coke batteries, gas generators, blast furnaces, etc., in particular to determine the content of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen or hydrocarbons. Electrical devices for gas or smoke analysis are mainly designed to determine and measure the content of the following gases: carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, ammonia. Some of these devices or apparatuses volometrically detect the gases absorbed by the corresponding chemicals or burnt. These include: (i) Orsian apparatus consisting mainly of an aspiration bottle, one or more absorption flasks and a measuring burette; (ii) incinerator or explosion apparatus. They are additionally equipped with a pipette for combustion or explosion (platinum capillary tube, platinum or palladium wire tube with induction ignition, etc.).

These different types of apparatus can also be used in combinations. Other models work on the basis of measuring the density and degree of condensation of the distillation fraction (cracking) or on the following principles: (i) the thermal conductivity of gases; (ii) the thermal effect of combustible gases on electrodes (for example, carbon monoxide and hydrogen monoxide in the discharge gases); (iii) selective absorption of ultraviolet, infrared or microwave radiation by a gas; (iv) differences in the magnetic permetricity of gases; (v) chemiluminescent reactions of gases with suitable auxiliary gas constituents; (vi) ionization of hydrocarbons in hydrogen in a liquid oxygen (vi) for a reaction (videliquiferous gas (vide) in a chemical reaction (vide) with a gas (vide) in a chemical reaction (videliquiferous gas) and (viii) in a chemical reaction (viii) in a chemical reaction (videliquiferred) in a reaction (viii) with a gas (viii) in a gas (viii) in a chemical reaction (videliqui It should be noted that this heading includes gas or smoke analysis apparatus intended for use in industrial processes (i.e., directly connected to furnaces, gas generators, etc.). But apparatus consisting merely of laboratory glassware falls in heading 7017. (9) Electronic smoke detectors used in furnaces, stoves, etc., for example, in which a beam of light (or infrared rays) is directed to a solar cell. In accordance with the density of the smoke, the passage of this beam through the smoke causes a change in the current in the circuit of the photocell, thereby affecting the graduated indicator or recording system, and in some cases the regulating valve. These apparatuses may be equipped with an alarm device. Electronic smoke detectors equipped exclusively with a signaling device fall in heading 8531. (10) Flammable gas detectors and other detectors (e.g. carbon dioxide). They contain a portable apparatus for detecting gas in mines or tunnels, for detecting leaks in highways, etc. (11) Apparatus for analyzing dust in gases. They work by passing a given amount of gas through the filter disc and weighing the filter before and after the test. This category includes tindallometers used to measure the amount of dust in the air and to test dust masks, filters, etc. They consist of a dust chamber covered with black glass, a light source, a photometric head with a prismatic measuring device and a graduated circular scale for measuring rotational angles. (12) Oxygen meters for determining the amount of dissolved oxygen in liquids using a polarimetric element or by chemical reaction of thallium with dissolved oxygen (measurement of changes in electrolytic conductivity).

(13) Polarographic analyzers for determining components of liquids, e.g. traces of dissolved metals in water, by measuring and calculating the current/resistance ratio for electrodes immersed in solution. (14) Moisture-chemical analyzers for the determination of inorganic or organic components of liquids, e.g. traces of metals, phosphates, nitrates, chlorides or integral parameters such as "chemical oxygen demand" and "total organic carbon content". The analyzer consists of a device for preparing samples, an analysis unit, for example, with ion-sensitive electrodes, photometers or polarographs and, in automatic analyzers, a control unit. (15) Viscometers and similar devices used to determine viscosity (i.e. internal friction in a liquid). The principle of their operation can be based on: (i) the measurement of the time required for the passage of a liquid through a capillary tube under constant pressure (for example, the temple osimeters of Oswald, Engler, etc.); (ii) the effect of friction between a solid and a liquid; or (iii) the measurement of the time the ball falls in a liquid. (16) Polariscopes (stress indicators). These devices measure internal stresses in the glass (for example, arising from quenching, annealing, welding, etc., which can lead to the fragility of the glass). They consist of a chamber containing an electric lamp, a light scattering device, a polarizer and a polarizing telescope. Stresses in glass are detected in the form of bright rainbow areas. (17) Expansion meters measure the expansion or contraction of steel, metal alloys, coke, etc. from temperature changes. Most of these recording devices are of a recording type (mechanical diagram entry or photographic registration). (18) Apparatuses for determining porosity or permeability (relative to water, air, other gases, etc.), known as porosimeters or permeameters (not to be confused with devices for measuring the magnetic permeability of substances). They are used for paper, textile fibers, fabrics, plastics, leather, sand, etc. (19) Instruments for measuring surface tension or interlayer stress in liquids (e.g. dynamo scales). Surface tension in liquids is usually determined by one of the following three indicators: the mass of the drop falling from a capillary tube of a given diameter (or the number of drops that make up a known volume) (the method of falling a drop); the height of the liquid column in the capillary of a given diameter (capillary method); or the force necessary to remove the ring from the surface of the liquid. (20) Instruments for measuring osmotic pressure (osmometers), that is, the pressure that occurs when two mixing liquids are separated by a membrane that is partially, but not equally, permeable to them. (21) Equipment for testing petroleum products and their products (e.g. bitumen, asphalt, tar, etc.). This includes devices for determining the flash, hardening, fluidity, droplet formation, etc. of petroleum products, as well as the melting temperature of paraffins, water content, sulfur, contaminants, consistency of lubricants and tars, evaporation and solidification temperatures, etc.

(22) pH meters and rH meters (redox potential sensors) pH sensors are used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution or mixture (distilled water is the neutrality standard). RH sensors are used to measure the oxidative or reducing force of a solution. These devices operate on a variety of different principles; the most common type uses an electrometric system in which the electrodes determine a potential difference proportional to the pH or rH of the solution. In addition to measuring, such instruments can also be used for automatic regulation. (23) Devices based on the principle of electrophoresis .The action of these devices is based on a change in concentration when direct current passes through the solution. Electrically charged particles migrate at different speeds according to the nature of matter. These devices are usually connected to a photometric device consisting of a photovoltaic cell and a milliammeter graduated directly in units of optical density. They are used to analyze various solutions (proteins, amino acids, etc.), to study substances such as plasma, hormones, enzymes, viruses, etc., and to study the phenomenon of polymerization. (24) Chromatographs (such as gas, liquid, ion-exchange and thin-layer chromatographs) to determine the components of a gas or liquid. In analysis, the gas or liquid is passed through columns or thin layers of the absorbent and then measured using a detector. The characteristics of the analyzed gases or liquids are determined by the time they pass through the columns or thin layers of the absorbent, while the number of different components analyzed is determined by the level of the detector output signal. (25) Electron titrometers, which use measuring electrodes for titration of water, silver salts, halogens, etc. (26) Analytical instruments, sometimes called "humidity meters for solids", whose principle of operation is based on the measurement of the dielectric constant, electrical conductivity, absorption of electromagnetic energy or infrared radiation of substances. (27) Specific ale metering of ctroconductivity to determine electrolytic specific conductivity or concentration of salts, acids or bases dissolved in a liquid. (28) Densitometers and microdensitometers on photocells used to measure the density of spectral photographs and to analyze any phenomena recorded on the photographic emulsion. (29) Photometers. Instruments for measuring the intensity of light. The measured light and the standard light source shall be positioned so that they illuminate a given surface with equal intensity. If, instead of comparing two light intensities, a comparison is made for their respective spectra, the instrument used in that case is known as a spectrophotometer. Photometers are widely used for various optical processes and analyses (for example, to determine the degree of concentration, degree of shine or transparency of solids; degree of exposure of photographic plates or films (densitometers); color depth of transparent or opaque solids or solutions).

Certain photometers used in photography or cinematography are known as exposure meters and are used for measuring the exposure time or for determining the lens aperture. (30) Luxmeters (used for determining the illumination in lux produced by a light source). (31) Calorimeters. These measure the quantity of heat absorbed or released by a solid, a liquid or a gas. The main categories are as follows: (A) Ice calorimeters (Bunsen calorimeters), based on the change in volume produced by melting ice. They consist of a test tube surrounded by ice and immersed in a tank of water, and of a graduated tube containing mercury. (B) Heating calorimeters (Berthelot calorimeters), based on the principle of heat transfer. They consist essentially of a calorimetric vessel filled with water, placed inside a tank also filled with water; they are fitted with stirrers and thermometers. The two types of calorimeter currently in use are based on the same principle, namely: (i) calorimeters for determining the specific heat of gases or liquid fuels. In these applications water circulates through a section in which a quantity of the gas or liquid is burnt. The difference in water temperature at the inlet and the outlet is measured; (ii) calorimetric bombs. These are used for determining the heat of combustion of materials. They consist essentially of a steel vessel (bomb) containing a known quantity of the solid or liquid to be tested, together with oxygen under pressure. By means of a suitable device the sample is burnt in the oxygen, and the quantity of heat released is determined by placing the bomb in a water calorimeter. The heading also covers calorimeters for industrial use; these are installed on generators producing gas of a given calorific value. But if they are connected to regulating apparatus for maintaining the calorific value of mixed gases at the required level, they are excluded from this heading (generally heading 9032). (32) Cryoscopes and ebullioscopes, other than instruments having the character of laboratory glassware (heading 7017). (33) Instruments and apparatus used in medical laboratories for in vitro diagnosis. The heading also covers microtomes – instruments used in microscopy for cutting very thin sections of known thickness from the substances to be examined. Microtomes may be of various types, e.g., hand type (resembling a straight razor), rotary type, sliding carriage type (horizontal or inclined plane). PARTS AND ACCESSORIES Subject to the provisions of Notes 1 and 2 to this Chapter (see the General Explanatory Note), the heading also covers parts and accessories identifiable as being suitable for use solely or principally with the instruments and apparatus referred to above. The heading also excludes:

(a) laboratory equipment of refractory materials (retorts, crucibles, mortars, dishes, baths and similar articles) (heading 6903) and similar articles of other ceramic materials (heading 6909); (b) laboratory glassware (heading 7017) (see further below); (c) microscopes (heading 9011 or 9012); (d) precision balances (heading 9016); (e) X-ray and other apparatus (heading 9022); (f) demonstration apparatus of heading 9023; (g) machines and appliances for testing certain materials (heading 9024); (h) hydrometers, thermometers, hygrometers and similar instruments of heading 9025, whether or not intended for laboratory use; (ij) apparatus of heading 9026. Classification of articles which may fall either in this heading or in heading 7017 (laboratory glassware). In these cases classification is determined by the following considerations: (1) If the article has the essential character of an article of glass (whether or not graduated, whether or not calibrated, and whether or not having subsidiary stoppers, joints, etc., of rubber, etc.), it is not to be classified in this heading, even if it is commonly known as a particular instrument or apparatus. (2) Instruments usually cease to have the essential character of glassware if they consist partly of glass but mainly of other materials, or if they consist of glass parts enclosed in or permanently fixed to mountings, stands, cases, etc. (3) The combination of glass parts with measuring instruments (e.g., manometers, thermometers) may in practice justify regarding such instruments as falling in this heading. Accordingly, the following instruments in the form of a simple calibrated glass article fall in heading 7017: butyrometers, lactobutyrometers and similar instruments for testing dairy products; albuminometers and ureometers; eudiometers; volumenometers; nitrometers, Kipp's or Kjeldahl apparatus and similar apparatus; calcimeters; cryoscopes and ebullioscopes for determining molecular weight, etc. This heading also excludes machines and apparatus (whether or not electrical) of a type classified in Section XVI, even though by reason of their low output, small size and general construction they are obviously intended for use in laboratories (e.g., for the preparation or treatment of samples). This heading therefore excludes furnaces, autoclaves, drying or steam ovens or cabinets; desiccators; crushers and mixers; centrifuges; distilling apparatus, presses; filters and filter presses; stirrers, etc. Similarly, heating apparatus (Bunsen burners, steam baths, etc.), tools, laboratory furniture (e.g., laboratory benches, microscope tables, fume cupboards) and brushes fall in their appropriate headings (Section XV, Chapter 94 or 96).

Notes

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. This group does not include:

(a) articles used in machinery, appliances or for other technical purposes, made of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber (heading 4016), natural or composite leather (heading 4205) or textile material (heading 5911);

(b) support belts or other supporting articles of textile materials, the purposeful effect of which on the supported or fixed organ is only due to their elasticity (for example, bandages for pregnant women, chest bandages, abdominal bandages, joint or muscle locks) (Section XI);

(c) refractory articles of heading 6903; ceramic articles for laboratory, chemical or other technical purposes of heading 6909;

(d) optically raw glass mirrors of heading 7009 or of base or precious metal mirrors other than optical elements (heading 8306 or Chapter 71);

(e) the goods of heading 7007, 7008, 7011, 7014, 7015 or 7017;

(f) parts of general use referred to in Note 2 to Section XV of base metals (Section XV) or similar products of plastics (Chapter 39); however, articles specifically intended for use exclusively in implants used in medicine, surgery, dentistry or veterinary medicine are to be classified in heading 9021;

(ж) насосы с измерительными приборами товарной позиции 8413; счетное или контрольное оборудование, приводимое в действие силой тяжести взвешиваемого груза, или поставляемые отдельно разновесы для весов (товарная позиция 8423); подъемное или погрузочно-разгрузочное оборудование (товарные позиции 8425 – 8428); машины всех видов для резки бумаги или картона (товарная позиция 8441); приспособления для регулирования положения обрабатываемых деталей или инструмента на станках или водоструйных резательных машинах товарной позиции 8466, включая приспособления с оптическими элементами для считывания показаний приборов (например, «оптические» делительные головки), но за исключением тех устройств, которые сами по себе являются исключительно оптическими приборами (например, юстировочные телескопы); счетные машины (товарная позиция 8470); клапаны и другая арматура товарной позиции 8481; машины и аппаратура (включая аппаратуру для проецирования или нанесения рисунка маски на сенсибилизированные полупроводниковые материалы) товарной позиции 8486;

(з) прожекторы или фары, используемые на велосипедах или моторных транспортных средствах (товарная позиция 8512); портативные электрические фонари товарной позиции 8513; кинематографические аппараты для записи, воспроизведения или повторной записи звука (товарная позиция 8519); звуковые головки (товарная позиция 8522); телевизионные камеры, цифровые камеры и записывающие видеокамеры (товарная позиция 8525); радиолокационная аппаратура, радионавигационная аппаратура или радиоаппаратура дистанционного управления (товарная позиция 8526); соединители для волокон оптических, волоконно-оптических жгутов или кабелей (товарная позиция 8536); цифровые аппараты управления товарной позиции 8537; лампы герметичные направленного света товарной позиции 8539; волоконно-оптические кабели товарной позиции 8544;

(ij) floodlights or headlights of heading 9405;

(k) articles of Chapter 95;

(l) monopores, bipeds, tripods and similar articles of heading 9620;

(m) volume measuring tanks classified by the material from which they are made; or

(n) coils, reels or similar carriers (which are to be classified according to the material of which they are made, for example, in heading 3923 or in section XV).

2. Subject to the provisions of Note 1, parts and accessories to machinery, apparatus, tools or articles in this Chapter shall be classified according to the following rules:

(a) parts and accessories which are goods falling in one of the headings of this Chapter or of Chapter 84, 85 or 91 (other than heading 8487, 8548 or 9033) are in all cases classified in the relevant headings;

(b) other parts and accessories intended to be used exclusively or principally in a particular type of machine, tool or apparatus or in several machines, tools or apparatus falling under the same heading (including machinery, tools or apparatus of heading 9010, 9013 or 9031) are included with those machines, tools or apparatus;

(c) all other parts and accessories fall in heading 9033.

3. Notes 3 and 4 to section XVI also apply to this chapter.

4. Heading 9005 does not include telescopic sights for mounting weapons, telescopic periscopes for submarines or tanks, or sight-tubes fitted to machines, devices, instruments or apparatus of this Chapter or Section XVI; such telescopic sights and sight-tubes are classified in heading 9013.

5. Measuring or control optical devices, devices or machines which, but for this note, could be included in both heading 9013 and heading 9031 are classified in heading 9031.

6. For the purposes of heading 9021, the term “orthopedic devices” means devices for:

prevention or correction of bodily deformities; or

Supporting or fixing body parts after illness, surgery, or injury.

Orthopedic appliances include shoes and special insoles made for the correction of orthopedic conditions, provided that they are either (1) made to order standards, or (2) mass-produced, represented by one object and not in pairs and designed to be equally suitable for any foot.

7. Heading 9032 covers only:

(a) instruments and devices for the automatic control of the flow rate, level, pressure or other variable parameters of liquids or gases, or for the automatic control of temperature, whether or not their action is based on an electrical phenomenon varying according to the parameter to be regulated, which are designed to bring this parameter to the desired value and to keep it stable against disturbances, constantly or periodically measuring the actual value; and

(b) automatic regulators of electrical quantities and devices or devices for the automatic regulation of non-electrical quantities, the operation of which is based on an electrical phenomenon varying depending on the parameter to be regulated, which are designed to bring this parameter to the desired value and keep it stable from disturbances, constantly or periodically measuring the actual value.

Additional note

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. Термин «электронные» в подсубпозициях 9015 10 100 0, 9015 20 100 0, 9015 30 100 0, 9015 40 100 0, 9015 80 110 0, 9015 80 190 0, 9024 10 110 0, 9024 10 130 0, 9024 10 190 0, 9024 80 110 0, 9024 80 190 0, 9025 19 200 0, 9025 80 400 0, 9026 10 210 0, 9026 10 290 0, 9026 20 200 0, 9026 80 200 0, 9027 10 100 0, 9030 20 910 0, 9030 33 100 0, 9030 89 300 0, 9031 80 320 0, 9031 80 340 0, 9031 80 380 0 и 9032 10 200 0 означает приборы и аппараты, которые включают в себя одно или несколько изделий товарной позиции 8540, 8541 или 8542. Однако это не должно относиться к изделиям товарной позиции 8540, 8541 или 8542, функцией которых является исключительно выпрямление тока или которые входят в состав блока питания приборов или аппаратов.