8418 30 200 1 — Refrigerators, freezers and other refrigerating or freezing equipment, electric or other; heat pumps other than air conditioning machines of heading 8415: freezers of the chest type, not exceeding 800 l capacity: of a capacity not exceeding 400 l: household freezers

8418 Refrigerators, freezers and other refrigerating or freezing equipment, electric or other; heat pumps other than air conditioning machines of heading 8415: 8418 10 – Combined refrigerator-freezers, fitted with separate external doors – Refrigerators, household type: 8418 21 – – Compression-type

8418 29 – – Other 8418 30 – Freezers of the chest type, not exceeding 800 l capacity 8418 40 – Freezers of the upright type, not exceeding 900 l capacity 8418 50 – Other furniture (chests, cabinets, display counters, show-cases and similar) for storage and display, incorporating refrigerating or freezing equipment – Other refrigerating or freezing equipment; heat pumps: 8418 61 – – Heat pumps other than air conditioning machines of heading 8415 8418 69 – – Other – Parts: 8418 91 – – Furniture designed to receive refrigerating or freezing equipment 8418 99 – – Other

(I) REFRIGERATORS, FREEZERS AND OTHER REFRIGERATING OR FREEZING EQUIPMENT The refrigerators and refrigerating plant of this heading are essentially machines or assemblies of units capable, in continuous operation, of maintaining a low temperature (around 0 °C or below) on an active cooling element by absorbing the latent heat of evaporation of liquefied gases (e.g., ammonia, halogenated hydrocarbons), volatile liquids or, in the case of certain marine refrigerators, water. This heading excludes: (a) freezers of the brine-freezer type (heading 8210 or 8419); (b) running-water coolers of the simple heat-exchanger type (see the Explanatory Note to heading 8419); (c) refrigerated "chests", insulated cabinets, etc., not designed to be fitted with refrigerating units (generally heading 9403). The refrigerators of this heading fall into two main types: (A) COMPRESSION-TYPE REFRIGERATORS Main components: (1) A compressor, which receives the expanded gas from the evaporator and delivers it under pressure to (2) A condenser, or liquefier, where the gas is cooled and turned into a liquid; and (3) An evaporator, the active cooling element, consisting of a system of tubes in which the condensed refrigerant, passing through an expansion valve, rapidly evaporates and absorbs heat from the surrounding air or, in the case of large refrigerating plant, from brine or calcium chloride solution circulating around the evaporator coil. In marine refrigerators there is no compressor or condenser in the refrigerant (water or brine) circuit. Evaporation is caused by a vacuum created by an ejector pump operating with a steam condenser. The latter condenses and discharges the vapours formed without returning them to the system. (B) ABSORPTION-TYPE REFRIGERATORS

In refrigerators of this type, the compressor is replaced by a "generator" in which a saturated aqueous ammonia solution is heated (gas, oil or electrical element). Gas is extracted and collected under pressure in the condenser. The condensation cycle, followed by expansion and cooling in the evaporator, continues as in compression-type refrigerators. The expanded gas is dissolved again in a weakened solution, either in a separate absorber, which fuzes the generator simply by pressure or through the pump, or in the generator itself, which in some types acts as a cooling absorber, during periods when heat is removed. In some dry types, gaseous ammonia is absorbed with solid tv (for example, calcium chloride or silica gel) instead of solution. Equipment of the above-mentioned types is classified in this heading if it is presented in the following forms: (1) Units consisting of a compressor (with or without an engine) and a condensate RA mounted on a single basis, complete with an evaporator or not, or autonomous absorption units. (These units are usually installed in household refrigerators and other refrigeration cabinets.) Some compression-type installations, known as “in a liquid cooling structure”, consist of a compressor and heat exchanger assembled on a common base containing an evaporator and a cooling-liquid pipeline (these installations may or may not contain a condenser). These latter installations include so-called “cooling chambers” used in air conditioning systems. (2) Cabinets or other furniture or appliances containing a complete refrigeration unit or a refrigeration unit evaporator, whether or not they are equipped with additional devices such as stirrers, mixers, molds. Such equipment includes: household refrigerators, refrigerated storefronts and counters, containers for storing ice cream or frozen products, fountains with chilled water or soft drinks, milk cooling tanks, beer coolers, ice cream machines, etc. (3) Large refrigeration units consisting of components that are not mounted on a common base or as stand-alone units, but are designed to work together either by a direct expansion scheme (the evaporator is in a cold-consuming device) or by supplying a coolant (brine) cooled in the refrigeration unit to a cold-consuming device (indirect cooling). Such installations are used, for example, in refrigeration chambers and in production processes (manufacture of lumps of ice, quick-frozen foods, rapid cooling of chocolate products, separation of paraffins during oil purification, chemical production, etc.). Auxiliary equipment intended solely for the use of the low temperatures produced by the installations of this heading is classified in the same heading provided that it is presented in conjunction with the other components of those installations. This includes, for example, rapid freezing devices sectional or tunnel type, refrigeration tables for the production of confectionery or chocolate products, etc. This heading also includes refrigeration equipment which acts by the evaporation of liquefied gas in a closed volume and which consists of one or more chambers of liquefied gas, a thermostat, an electromagnetic valve, a control panel,

electrical switches and a perforated distribution tube. These components fall in this heading if presented together. (II) HEAT PUMPS A heat pump is a device which transfers heat from a suitable heat source (mainly underground or surface water, the ground or the air) and, using an additional energy source (e.g., gas or electricity), converts it into a source of higher temperature. A heat-transfer fluid is generally used to carry the heat from the source to the heat pump and from the heat pump to the medium to be heated. There are two types of heat pumps: the compression type and the absorption type. The compression-type pump consists of the following essential elements: (1) An evaporator for extracting energy from the surroundings and transferring it to the heat-transfer fluid. (2) A compressor, which mechanically pumps the fluid in the vapour state from the evaporator at a higher pressure to the condenser. (3) A condenser, which is a heat exchanger in which the vapours are liquefied and give up their heat to the medium being treated. In absorption-type heat pumps, the compressor is replaced by an evaporator containing water and a refrigerant and fitted with a burner. Heat pumps are classified according to two parameters: the first is the source of the original heat, the second is the medium whose temperature is to be changed. The main types of pumps are: (i) air-to-water or air-to-air heat pumps, which extract heat from the atmosphere and convert it into warm water or warm air; (ii) water-to-water heat pumps or water-to-air heat pumps, which extract heat from an underground source or a body of surface water; (iii) ground-to-water or ground-to-air heat pumps: in this case the heat is extracted by means of a system of pipes laid in the ground. Heat pumps may be supplied as a single article consisting of various units. Such an article is called a monobloc. The pumps may also be supplied as several separate articles. Certain heat pumps may be supplied without evaporators if they are to be mounted on an installation which already has an evaporator. In that case they are regarded as incomplete articles having the essential character of the complete article and are classified in this heading. Heat pumps are used for space heating or for supplying domestic hot water. Non-reversible heat pumps are generally used for these purposes. However, the heading excludes reversible heat pumps consisting of a motor-driven fan and elements for changing the temperature and humidity. These pumps are air conditioning machines and fall in heading 8415. PARTS Subject to the general provisions regarding the classification of parts (see the General Explanatory Note to Section XVI), parts of the goods of this heading, whether domestic or industrial, are also classified here, e.g., condensers,

absorbers, evaporators, generators, cabinets, benches and other refrigeration equipment listed in paragraph (2) above, not equipped with a full refrigeration unit or evaporator, but clearly designed for the installation of such equipment. Compressors are classified as such in heading 8414, even if designed for refrigeration. Non-specialized parts (i.e. tubes and tanks) are classified in the appropriate headings. This heading also excludes (a) air conditioning installations comprising a refrigeration unit or a refrigeration unit evaporator (heading 8415); (b) gas liquefaction machines (e.g. Linde apparatus) (heading 8419).

Notes

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. This group does not include:

(a) millstones, grinding stones or other articles of Chapter 68;

(b) equipment or devices (e.g. pumps) of ceramic materials and ceramic parts of machinery or devices of any material (Chapter 69);

(c) laboratory glassware (heading 7017); equipment, devices or other articles for technical purposes or parts thereof of glass (heading 7019 or 7020);

(d) articles of heading 7321 or 7322 or similar articles of other base metals (Chapters 74 to 76 or 78 to 81);

(e) vacuum cleaners of heading 8508;

(f) electromechanical household appliances of heading 8509; digital cameras of heading 8525;

(g) radiators for articles of Section XVII; or

(h) manual mechanical brushes for floor cleaning, without engine (heading 9603).

2. Subject to the provisions of Note 3 to Section XVI and Note 11 to this Chapter, a machine or device which meets the description in one or more of headings 8401 to 8424 or heading 8486 and at the same time the description in one or more headings 8425 to 8480 is included in the relevant heading of the first series of headings or in heading 8486 as the case may be, and not in the second series.

(A) However, heading 8419 does not cover:

(i) seed germination equipment, incubators or brooders (heading 8436);

(ii) machinery for wetting grains (heading 8437);

(iii) diffusion apparatus for the extraction of sugary juice (heading 8438);

(iv) equipment for the heat treatment of textile yarn, textile materials or finished textile articles (heading 8451); or

machining equipment, assemblies or laboratory equipment in which temperature change, even if necessary, is an auxiliary process.

(B) Heading 8422 does not cover:

(i) sewing machines for sewing bags or similar packagings (heading 8452); or

(ii) office equipment of heading 8472.

(C) Heading 8424 does not cover:

(i) paint-blasting printing presses (heading 8443); or

(ii) water jet cutting machines (heading 8456).

3. A machine for processing any material which corresponds to the description of heading 8456 and simultaneously to the description of heading 8457 to 8461, 8464 or 8465 is classified in heading 8456.

4. Heading 8457 covers only metalworking machines other than lathes (including multipurpose lathes) which may perform different types of machining operations by:

(a) the automatic replacement of tools from a tool store or similar device in accordance with the processing program(s);

(b) the automatic application simultaneously or sequentially of different processing heads operating at a fixed workpiece (assembly single-position machines); or

(c) automatic movement of the workpiece to various processing heads (multi-position machines).

5. For the purposes of heading 8462, the term “longitudinal cutting line” for flat products means a process line consisting of a winder, a correct device, a longitudinal cutting device and a winder. The term “cross-cutting line” for flat products means a process line consisting of a unwinder, a correct device and a cutting device.

6. (A) For the purposes of heading 8471, the term “computers” means machines capable of:

(i) store the processing program or programs and at least the information currently necessary to execute the program;

(ii) be freely reprogrammable according to user requirements;

(iii) perform user-defined arithmetic calculations; and

(iv) perform, without human intervention, a processing program requiring the computer to modify its actions by making logical decisions during processing.

(B) Computing machines can be made in the form of systems consisting of a different number of individual blocks.

(C) Subject to the provisions of Notes (D) and (E) below, a block shall be treated as part of a computing system if it satisfies all of the following conditions:

(i) exclusively or principally used in a computing system;

(ii) is capable of being connected to the central processing unit either directly or through one or more other units; and

(iii) is capable of receiving or presenting information in such form (codes or signals) as may be used by the system.

Separately presented computer units are classified in heading 8471.

However, keyboards, X-Y-coordinate input devices and disk storage units which satisfy the conditions laid down in Notes (B) (ii) and (B) (iii) above are in all cases to be regarded as blocks of heading 8471.

(D) Heading 8471 does not cover the following devices, presented separately, even if they meet all the conditions of Note 6(C) above:

(i) printers, copiers, facsimile machines, combined or not;

(ii) apparatus for receiving or transmitting voice, images or other data, including apparatus for providing communications over a wired or wireless communication network (for example, on a local or wide area network);

(iii) loudspeakers and microphones;

(iv) television cameras, digital cameras and video recording cameras;

(v) monitors and projectors not combined with television reception equipment.

(E) Machines containing or working in conjunction with a computer and performing specific functions other than information processing are classified in the headings according to their specific functions or, if this is not possible, in the residual headings.

7. Heading 8482, inter alia, covers polished steel balls whose maximum and minimum diameter does not differ from the nominal diameter by more than 1% or by more than 0.05 mm, whichever is smaller. Other steel balls are classified in heading 7326.

8. A machine which is used for more than one purpose shall be classified as if its primary purpose were the only one.

Subject to the provisions of Note 2 to this Chapter and Note 3 to Section XVI, a machine whose primary purpose is not described in any heading or a machine in which none of its functions is primary is classified in heading 8479, unless the context otherwise provides. Heading 8479 also includes machinery for the manufacture of ropes or ropes (e.g. knitting machines) from metal wire, textile yarn or other materials or from a combination of such materials.

9. For the purposes of heading 8470, the term “pocket” applies only to devices not exceeding 170 x 100 x 45 mm.

10. For the purposes of heading 8485, the term additive manufacturing (also referred to as 3D printing) means the formation of physical objects based on a digital model by successively adding and layering, sealing and curing a material (e.g., metal, plastics or ceramics).

Subject to the provisions of Note 1 to Section XVI and Note 1 to Chapter 84, machines as described in heading 8485 are classified in that heading and no other heading of the Nomenclature.

11. (A) Notes 12(a) and 12(b) to Chapter 85 also apply to the terms “semiconductor devices” and “electronic integrated circuits”, respectively, as used in this note and in heading 8486. However, in this note and in heading 8486, the term "semiconductor devices" also applies to photosensitive semiconductor devices and LEDs.

(B) In this note and in heading 8486, the term “plane display panel production” covers the fabrication of a flat panel of substrates. It does not cover the production of glass or the installation of printed circuit boards or other electronic components on flat panels. The term "flat display panel" does not apply to cathode ray tube technology.

(C) Heading 8486 also includes machinery and apparatus used exclusively or principally for:

(i) producing or eliminating defects in masks and patterns;

assemblies of semiconductor devices or electronic integrated circuits;

(iii) lifting, manipulating, loading or unloading boules, plates, semiconductor devices, electronic integrated circuits and flat display panels.

(D) Subject to the provisions of Note 1 to Section XVI and Note 1 to Chapter 84, machinery meeting the description in heading 8486 is classified in this heading and in no other heading of the Nomenclature.

Subheading notes

English text as published in Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2021/1832 (Combined Nomenclature). The EAEU tariff and the EU nomenclature copy these notes from the same convention. For a Russian declaration the binding version is the Russian one: Annex to Decision No 80 of the EEC Council of 14 September 2021.

1. For the purposes of subheading 8465 20, the term ‘machining centres’ applies only to machine-tools for working wood, cork, bone, hard rubber, hard plastics or similar hard materials, which can carry out different types of machining operations by automatic tool change from a magazine or the like in conformity with a machining programme.

2. For the purposes of subheading 8471 49, the term ‘systems’ means automatic data-processing machines whose units satisfy the conditions laid down in note 6(C) to Chapter 84 and which comprise at least a central processing unit, one input unit (for example, a keyboard or a scanner), and one output unit (for example, a visual display unit or a printer).

3. For the purposes of subheading 8481 20, the expression ‘valves for oleohydraulic or pneumatic transmissions’ means valves which are used specifically in the transmission of ‘fluid power’ in a hydraulic or pneumatic system, where the energy source is supplied in the form of pressurized fluids (liquid or gas). These valves may be of any type (for example, pressure-reducing type, check type). Subheading 8481 20 takes precedence over all other subheadings of heading 8481.

4. Subheading 8482 40 applies only to bearings with cylindrical rollers of a uniform diameter not exceeding 5 mm and having a length which is at least three times the diameter. The ends of the rollers may be rounded.

Additional notes

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. For the purposes of subheadings 8407 10 and 8409 10, the term “aviation engines” shall apply only to engines intended for assembly with an air or rotor.

2. В подсубпозицию 8471 70 300 0 также включаются устройства считывания компакт-дисков, являющиеся запоминающими устройствами вычислительных машин, которые предназначены для считывания сигналов с CD-ROM, аудиокомпакт-дисков и фотокомпакт-дисков и снабжены разъемом для наушников, регулятором громкости или кнопкой пуск/стоп.

Additional notes of the Eurasian Economic Union

Machine translation. The original is the Russian text of the EAEU tariff, and customs goes by it; this translation is for understanding only and has no legal force.

1. For the purposes of subheading 8482 10 900 1, the term “gross mass” means the total mass of the goods with all kinds of packaging materials and packagings ensuring their safety during storage and transport. The total weight of the goods does not include the mass of packaging materials or containers that are clearly suitable for reuse.

2. For the purposes of subheading 8415 81 001 0, the term “special production facilities” means premises in which the maintenance of precise values of temperature and humidity is due to the operational requirements of the equipment installed therein, such as machines, computers, switching equipment, surgical equipment, etc., or to the operations performed therein.

3. In subheadings 8427 20 190 1, 8427 90 000 1 and 8436 80 100 1, the date of manufacture shall be determined on the basis of the technical documentation of the manufacturer (technical passport, instruction manual) and the manufacturer's plate, which shall be fixed in a conspicuous, easily accessible place of the machinery and shall not be replaced during operation. If the manufacturer's technical documentation and the manufacturer's plate contain conflicting information about the date of manufacture or there is no information about the manufacturer of the equipment on the date of manufacture, then this technique is considered a technique, since the release of which more than 3 years have passed.

If the manufacturer's information indicates only the year of manufacture, then the date of manufacture of the equipment is considered 1 July of the year of manufacture; if the month and year of manufacture are indicated, the date of manufacture is the 15th day of the month specified in the manufacturer's information.

4. For the purpose of classification of goods in subheading 8482 10 900 1 in the states, whose territories constitute the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union, when applying the term "French border of the country of importation", the country of import is understood as the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union.

5. For the purpose of subheading 8407 10 000 3, the term “take-off power” means the maximum power developed by an aircraft piston engine.

“Take-off power” is specified in the technical documentation and (or) accompanying documents, measured in kilowatts or horsepower (1 kW corresponds to 1.35962 hp).

6. В подсубпозиции 8421 99 000 5 термин «элементы мембранные рулонного типа для фильтрования или очистки жидкостей» означает устройства цилиндрической формы, состоящие из:

- internal plastic perforated tube on which spirally wound membrane bags;

- drainage material located between membrane bags and glued to them on three sides.

The membrane package consists of a twice folded band of membrane containing an extruded grid inside.

At the ends of the membrane roll-type element, fixing discs and sealing cuffs can be installed.

7. For the purposes of subheading 8415 20 000 2, the term “in a single enclosure” refers to air conditioning units (air conditioners) in which all the elements are combined in a single enclosure, frame or platform.

The term "in a single housing" also applies to air conditioning units (air conditioners) in which the refrigeration compressor, which is part of a given air conditioning unit (air conditioner), is located separately, that is, not combined with the rest of the elements in one housing, on one frame or on one platform.